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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1970 July; 20(1): 133-138
Copyright © 1970 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Endocarpic Microorganisms of Two Types of Windrow-Dried Peanut Fruit (Arachis hypogaea L.) ¹

Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Holland, Virginia 23391
Department of Plant Pathology and Plant Physiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061

ABSTRACT

The endocarpic microorganisms of peanut fruit dried in either a random windrow (plants left as they fell from the digger) or an inverted windrow (plants inverted to expose fruit to sunlight) were different from that of freshly dug fruit. Chaetomium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Rhizoctonia, and Fusarium were the dominant fungi found associated with shells (pericarp) of freshly dug fruit. The dominant fungi of shells of windrowed fruit included Chaetomium, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Sclerotium, and Alternaria. Seeds of freshly dug fruit were dominated by Penicillium and Aspergillus. The only dominant species in seed of windrowed fruit was Penicillium. Microorganisms were isolated from shells and seed of freshly dug fruit at a frequency of 79% and 52%, respectively. The percentage of infestation was reduced by drying in the field. This was particularly true of the inverted windrow. The proportion of shells and seed infested with a microorganism was reduced 13% and 36%, respectively, after field drying for 5 to 7 days in random and inverted windrows. Microorganisms were isolated much more frequently from shell pieces (73%) than from seed (36%).

¹ Cooperative investigations of Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Research Division, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Contribution no. 182, Department of Plant Pathology and Plant Physiology, Virgnia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Va.