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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1971 April; 21(4): 606-610
Copyright © 1971 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Inactivation of Influenza and Other Viruses by a Mixture of Virucidal Compounds

University of Sheffield Virus Research Laboratory, Lodge Moor Hospital, and Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Sheffield University, Sheffield, England

ABSTRACT

A mixture of benzalkonium chloride, Triton X100, and citric acid (Resiguard F) had a marked virucidal effect on lipid-containing deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid viruses, such as vaccinia virus, herpesvirus, and influenza virus. Adenoviruses and picornaviruses were more resistant to inactivation. Electron microscopy showed that influenza particles became aggregated in the presence of Resiguard F and that the outer fringe of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes seen in control virus preparations became indistinct. The mixture had no detectable antiviral activity in mice infected with influenza AO/PR/8/34 virus, and this was attributed to the reduced virucidal effect of Resiguard F in the presence of serum proteins.

¹ Present address: Department of Microbiology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia.