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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1972 November; 24(5): 699-702
Copyright © 1972 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Isolation and Identification of Psychrophilic Species of Clostridium from Milk

¹ Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616

ABSTRACT

Four of 48 raw milk samples contained catalase-negative, gram-positive, motile, sporeforming, rod-shaped bacteria that grew optimally at 22 to 30 C and slowly at low temperatures. Isolates from two samples had a minimal growth temperature of 4 C, were anaerobic, and had characteristics similar to Clostridium hastiforme; those from the other two samples had a minimal growth temperature of 0 ± 1 C, were anaerobic, aerotolerant, and had characteristics similar to C. carnis. Specific growth rates, doubling times, ability to grow in pasteurized milk stored in commercial cartons, and resistance of spores to heating were determined for one strain of C. hastiforme.