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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 August; 52(2): 325-330

Metabolism of the herbicide bromoxynil by Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae.

ABSTRACT

Enrichment of soil samples for organisms able to utilize the herbicide bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) as a nitrogen source yielded bacterial isolates capable of rapidly metabolizing this compound. One isolate, identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae, could completely convert 0.05% bromoxynil to 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid and use the liberated ammonia as a sole nitrogen source. Assays of cell extracts of this organism for the ability to produce ammonia from bromoxynil revealed the presence of a nitrilase (EC 3.5.51) activity. The enzyme could not utilize 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzamide as a substrate, and no 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzamide could be detected as a product of bromoxynil transformation. Comparison of related aromatic nitriles as substrates demonstrated that the Klebsiella enzyme is highly specific for bromoxynil.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Cupples, A. M., Sanford, R. A., Sims, G. K. (2005). Dehalogenation of the Herbicides Bromoxynil (3,5-Dibromo-4-Hydroxybenzonitrile) and Ioxynil (3,5-Diiodino-4-Hydroxybenzonitrile) by Desulfitobacterium chlororespirans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 3741-3746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• STALKER, D. M., MCBRIDE, K. E., MALYJ, L. D. (1988). Herbicide Resistance in Transgenic Plants Expressing a Bacterial Detoxification Gene. Science 242: 419-423 [Abstract]