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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 July; 55(7): 1665-1669

Isolation and Characterization of an Enterobacter cloacae Strain That Reduces Hexavalent Chromium under Anaerobic Conditions

Pi-Chao Wang, Tsukasa Mori, Kohya Komori, Masanori Sasatsu, Kiyoshi Toda and Hisao Ohtake^*

¹ Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, and Department of Microbiology, Tokyo College of Pharmacy, Tokyo 192-03, ² Japan

ABSTRACT

An Enterobacter cloacae strain (HO1) capable of reducing hexavalent chromium (chromate) was isolated from activated sludge. This bacterium was resistant to chromate under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Only the anaerobic culture of the E. cloacae isolate showed chromate reduction. In the anaerobic culture, yellow turned white with chromate and the turbidity increased as the reduction proceeded, suggesting that insoluble chromium hydroxide was formed. E. cloacae is likely to utilize toxic chromate as an electron acceptor anaerobically because (i) the anaerobic growth of E. cloacae HO1 accompanied the decrease of toxic chromate in culture medium, (ii) the chromate-reducing activity was rapidly inhibited by oxygen, and (iii) the reduction occurred more rapidly in glycerol- or acetate-grown cells than in glucose-grown cells. The chromate reduction in E. cloacae HO1 was observed at pH 6.0 to 8.5 (optimum pH, 7.0) and at 10 to 40°C (optimum, 30°C).

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FOOTNOTES

^* Corresponding author.

Present address: Chemical Process Technology Department. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Yokohama 235. Japan.

Present address: Public Works Research Institute. Ministry of Construction. Tsukuba. Ibaraki 305. Japan.

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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1989 July; 55(7): 1665-1669

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