This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Rappé, M. S.
Right arrow Articles by Giovannoni, S. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Rappé, M. S.
Right arrow Articles by Giovannoni, S. J.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Rappé, M. S.
Right arrow Articles by Giovannoni, S. J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Appl Environ Microbiol, January 1998, p. 294-303, Vol. 64, No. 1
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Phylogenetic Diversity of Ultraplankton Plastid Small-Subunit rRNA Genes Recovered in Environmental Nucleic Acid Samples from the Pacific and Atlantic Coasts of the United States

Michael S. Rappé,1,dagger Marcelino T. Suzuki,2 Kevin L. Vergin,1 and Stephen J. Giovannoni1,*

Department of Microbiology1 and College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,2 Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331

Received 24 July 1997/Accepted 10 October 1997

The scope of marine phytoplankton diversity is uncertain in many respects because, like bacteria, these organisms sometimes lack defining morphological characteristics and can be a challenge to grow in culture. Here, we report the recovery of phylogenetically diverse plastid small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (rDNA) clones from natural plankton populations collected in the Pacific Ocean off the mouth of Yaquina Bay, Oreg. (OCS clones), and from the eastern continental shelf of the United States off Cape Hatteras, N.C. (OM clones). SSU rRNA gene clone libraries were prepared by amplifying rDNAs from nucleic acids isolated from plankton samples and cloning them into plasmid vectors. The PCR primers used for amplification reactions were designed to be specific for bacterial SSU rRNA genes; however, plastid genes have a common phylogenetic origin with bacteria and were common in both SSU rRNA gene clone libraries. A combination of restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses, nucleic acid sequencing, and taxon-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridizations revealed that 54 of the 116 OCS gene clones were of plastid origin. Collectively, clones from the OCS and OM libraries formed at least eight unique lineages within the plastid radiation, including gene lineages related to the classes Bacillariophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Chrysophyceae, and Prasinophyceae; for a number of unique clones, no close phylogenetic neighbors could be identified with confidence. Only a group of two OCS rRNA gene clones showed close identity to the plastid SSU rRNA gene sequence of a cultured organism [Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay and Mohler; 99.8% similar]. The remaining clones could not be identified to the genus or species level. Although cryptic species are not as prevalent among phytoplankton as they are among their bacterial counterparts, this genetic survey nonetheless uncovered significant new information about phytoplankton diversity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Nash Hall 220, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804. Phone: (541) 737-1835. Fax: (541) 737-0496. E-mail: giovanns{at}bcc.orst.edu.

dagger Present address: Station Biologique, Centre National de la Reserche Scientifique and Universitie Pierre et Marie Curie, 29680 Roscoff, France.




This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Oliver, S. P., Patel, D. A., Callaway, T. R., Torrence, M. E. (2009). ASAS Centennial Paper: Developments and future outlook for preharvest food safety. J ANIM SCI 87: 419-437 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kan, J., Suzuki, M. T., Wang, K., Evans, S. E., Chen, F. (2007). High Temporal but Low Spatial Heterogeneity of Bacterioplankton in the Chesapeake Bay. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 6776-6789 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Winter, C., Hein, T., Kavka, G., Mach, R. L., Farnleitner, A. H. (2007). Longitudinal Changes in the Bacterial Community Composition of the Danube River: a Whole-River Approach. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 421-431 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Haferkamp, I., Deschamps, P., Ast, M., Jeblick, W., Maier, U., Ball, S., Neuhaus, H. E. (2006). Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Periplastidial Starch Metabolism in the Cryptophyte Guillardia theta. Eukaryot Cell 5: 964-971 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Reinthaler, T., Winter, C., Herndl, G. J. (2005). Relationship between Bacterioplankton Richness, Respiration, and Production in the Southern North Sea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 2260-2266 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stoeck, T., Taylor, G. T., Epstein, S. S. (2003). Novel Eukaryotes from the Permanently Anoxic Cariaco Basin (Caribbean Sea). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 5656-5663 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stoeck, T., Epstein, S. (2003). Novel Eukaryotic Lineages Inferred from Small-Subunit rRNA Analyses of Oxygen-Depleted Marine Environments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 2657-2663 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Frank, D. N., Spiegelman, G. B., Davis, W., Wagner, E., Lyons, E., Pace, N. R. (2003). Culture-Independent Molecular Analysis of Microbial Constituents of the Healthy Human Outer Ear. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 295-303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Diez, B., Pedros-Alio, C., Massana, R. (2001). Study of Genetic Diversity of Eukaryotic Picoplankton in Different Oceanic Regions by Small-Subunit rRNA Gene Cloning and Sequencing. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 2932-2941 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Diez, B., Pedros-Alio, C., Marsh, T. L., Massana, R. (2001). Application of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) To Study the Diversity of Marine Picoeukaryotic Assemblages and Comparison of DGGE with Other Molecular Techniques. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 2942-2951 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Massana, R., DeLong, E. F., Pedrós-Alió, C. (2000). A Few Cosmopolitan Phylotypes Dominate Planktonic Archaeal Assemblages in Widely Different Oceanic Provinces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 1777-1787 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Oliveira, M. C., Bhattacharya, D. (2000). Phylogeny of the Bangiophycidae (Rhodophyta) and the secondary endosymbiotic origin of algal plastids. Am. J. Bot. 87: 482-492 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Guillou, L., Moon-Van Der Staay, S.-Y., Claustre, H., Partensky, F., Vaulot, D. (1999). Diversity and Abundance of Bolidophyceae (Heterokonta) in Two Oceanic Regions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 4528-4536 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Glöckner, F. O., Fuchs, B. M., Amann, R. (1999). Bacterioplankton Compositions of Lakes and Oceans: a First Comparison Based on Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 3721-3726 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Suzuki, M., Rappé, M. S., Giovannoni, S. J. (1998). Kinetic Bias in Estimates of Coastal Picoplankton Community Structure Obtained by Measurements of Small-Subunit rRNA Gene PCR Amplicon Length Heterogeneity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 4522-4529 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»