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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3718-3723, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Regulation of aflR and Its Product, AflR, Associated with Aflatoxin Biosynthesisdagger

Biing-Hui Liu and Fun Sun Chu*

Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology, Food Research Institute, and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin--- Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Received 9 December 1997/Accepted 22 July 1998

We studied the role of the regulatory gene aflR and its product, AflR, in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin in Aspergillus. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses revealed that aflatoxin B1 accumulation was directly related to AflR expression and was regulated by various environmental and nutritional conditions, including temperature, air supply, carbon source, nitrogen source, and zinc availability. Expression of an aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway structural gene, omtA, was regulated by the presence of AflR. Induction patterns for aflR mRNA and AflR were correlated with that for omtA mRNA in an aflatoxin-producing strain of Aspergillus parasiticus. Analysis of non-aflatoxin-producing strains of A. flavus, A. sojae, and A. oryzae grown in medium suitable for aflatoxin B1 production showed that both aflR mRNA and AflR production were present; however, omtA mRNA production was not detected in any of these examined strains. AflR in the A. oryzae strain was regulated by carbon source and temperature in a manner similar to that seen with A. parasiticus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Food Microbiology and Toxicology and Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin---Madison, 1925 Willow Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1187. Phone: (608) 263-6932. Fax: (608) 263-1114. E-mail: fschu{at}facstaff.wisc.edu.

dagger Contribution 314 from the Environmental Toxicology Center of the University of Wisconsin---Madison.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3718-3723, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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