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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3798-3806, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Degradation of 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene by Pseudomonas chlororaphis RW71

Thomas Potrawfke, Kenneth Nigel Timmis, and Rolf-Michael Wittich*

Division of Microbiology, National Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF), D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany

Received 26 May 1998/Accepted 31 July 1998

Pseudomonas chlororaphis RW71 mineralized 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, a highly recalcitrant pollutant hitherto not known to be degraded by pure cultures, as a sole source of carbon and energy, thereby releasing stoichiometric amounts of chloride. The transient excretion of tetrachlorocatechol in the early growth phase suggests an initial attack by a dioxygenase to form the corresponding dihydrodiol which rearomatizes to the catechol. The activity of chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase in crude cell extracts was found to be extraordinarily high towards 3-chlorocatechol (ratio of 2.6 compared to catechol) and other chlorocatechols, including tetrachlorocatechol, which was transformed at a low but significant rate. Further identification of tetrachloromuconic acid, 2,3,5-trichlorodienelactone, 2,3,5-trichloromaleyl acetic acid, and 2,4-dichloro-3-oxoadipic acid as their methyl esters, together with high specific enzyme activities for chlorinated substrates, implicated a functioning chlorocatechol pathway to be induced during growth.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Abteilung Mikrobiologie, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung---GBF, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. Phone: 49 531 6181 557. Fax: 49 531 6181 411. E-mail: wittich{at}gbf.de.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3798-3806, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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