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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3923-3926, Vol. 64, No. 10
Department of Plant
Pathology1 and
Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory,2 Iowa State University, Ames,
Iowa, and
Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti
Vegetali del C.N.R.,
Received 26 January 1998/Accepted 16 July 1998
Fusarium fungal contaminants and related mycotoxins
were investigated in eight maize feed samples submitted to the
Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Fusarium
moniliforme, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans were isolated from seven, eight, and five samples,
respectively. These strains belonged to mating populations A, D, and E
of the teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi. Fusaproliferin was
detected at concentrations of 0.1 to 30 µg/g in four samples, and
beauvericin was detected (0.1 to 3.0 µg/g) in five samples.
Fumonisins were detected in all eight samples (1.1 to 14 µg/g). Ten
of 11 strains of F. proliferatum and all 12 strains of
F. subglutinans isolated from the samples produced
fusaproliferin in culture on whole maize kernels (4 to 350 and 100 to
1,000 µg/g, respectively). Nine F. proliferatum strains
also produced beauvericin in culture (85 to 350 µg/g), but none of
the F. subglutinans strains produced beauvericin. Fumonisin
B1 was produced by all nine F. moniliforme
strains (50 to 2,000 µg/g) and by 10 of the F. proliferatum strains (1,000 to 2,000 µg/g). This is the first
report of the natural occurrence of fusaproliferin outside Italy and of
the natural occurrence of beauvericin in North America.
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Occurrence of Fusaproliferin and Beauvericin in
Fusarium-Contaminated Livestock Feed in Iowa
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department
of Plant Pathology, 351 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
50011. Phone: (515) 294-6708. Fax: (515) 294-9420. E-mail:
munkvold{at}iastate.edu.
Journal paper J-17768 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics
Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, project no. 3260.
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