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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3923-3926, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Occurrence of Fusaproliferin and Beauvericin in Fusarium-Contaminated Livestock Feed in Iowadagger

Gary Munkvold,1,* H. M. Stahr,2 Antonio Logrieco,3 Antonio Moretti,3 and Alberto Ritieni4

Department of Plant Pathology1 and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory,2 Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, and Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali del C.N.R., Bari,3 and Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Portici,4 Italy

Received 26 January 1998/Accepted 16 July 1998

Fusarium fungal contaminants and related mycotoxins were investigated in eight maize feed samples submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Fusarium moniliforme, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans were isolated from seven, eight, and five samples, respectively. These strains belonged to mating populations A, D, and E of the teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi. Fusaproliferin was detected at concentrations of 0.1 to 30 µg/g in four samples, and beauvericin was detected (0.1 to 3.0 µg/g) in five samples. Fumonisins were detected in all eight samples (1.1 to 14 µg/g). Ten of 11 strains of F. proliferatum and all 12 strains of F. subglutinans isolated from the samples produced fusaproliferin in culture on whole maize kernels (4 to 350 and 100 to 1,000 µg/g, respectively). Nine F. proliferatum strains also produced beauvericin in culture (85 to 350 µg/g), but none of the F. subglutinans strains produced beauvericin. Fumonisin B1 was produced by all nine F. moniliforme strains (50 to 2,000 µg/g) and by 10 of the F. proliferatum strains (1,000 to 2,000 µg/g). This is the first report of the natural occurrence of fusaproliferin outside Italy and of the natural occurrence of beauvericin in North America.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Plant Pathology, 351 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. Phone: (515) 294-6708. Fax: (515) 294-9420. E-mail: munkvold{at}iastate.edu.

dagger Journal paper J-17768 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, project no. 3260.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 3923-3926, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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