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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, November 1998, p. 4522-4529, Vol. 64, No. 11
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Kinetic Bias in Estimates of Coastal Picoplankton Community Structure Obtained by Measurements of Small-Subunit rRNA Gene PCR Amplicon Length Heterogeneity

Marcelino Suzuki,1,2,dagger Michael S. Rappé,2,Dagger and Stephen J. Giovannoni2,*

College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences1 and Department of Microbiology,2 Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331

Received 26 March 1998/Accepted 9 September 1998

Marine bacterioplankton diversity was examined by quantifying natural length variation in the 5' domain of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA genes (rDNA) amplified by PCR from a DNA sample from the Oregon coast. This new technique, length heterogeneity analysis by PCR (LH-PCR), determines the relative proportions of amplicons originating from different organisms by measuring the fluorescence emission of a labeled primer used in the amplification reaction. Relationships between the sizes of amplicons and gene phylogeny were predicted by an analysis of 366 SSU rDNA sequences from cultivated marine bacteria and from bacterial genes cloned directly from environmental samples. LH-PCR was used to compare the distribution of bacterioplankton SSU rDNAs from a coastal water sample with that of an SSU rDNA clone library prepared from the same sample and also to examine the distribution of genes in the PCR products from which the clone library was prepared. The analysis revealed that the relative frequencies of genes amplified from natural communities are highly reproducible for replicate sets of PCRs but that a bias possibly caused by the reannealing kinetics of product molecules can skew gene frequencies when PCR product concentrations exceed threshold values.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. Phone: (541) 737-1835. Fax: (541) 737-0496. E-mail: giovanns{at}bcc.orst.edu.

dagger Present address: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA 95010.

Dagger Present address: Station Biologique, CNRS, INSU et Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Roscoff Cedex, France.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, November 1998, p. 4522-4529, Vol. 64, No. 11
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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