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Appl Environ Microbiol, April 1998, p. 1264-1269, Vol. 64, No. 4
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Grazing of a Tetrahymena sp. on Adhered Bacteria in Percolated Columns Monitored by In Situ Hybridization with Fluorescent Oligonucleotide Probes

Heinrich Eisenmann,^1,* Hauke Harms,¹ Rainer Meckenstock,² Elisabeth I. Meyer,³ and Alexander J. B. Zehnder¹

Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Sciences and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland,¹ and Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Constance, D-78460 Konstanz,² and Zoological Institute, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster,³ Germany

Received 30 September 1997/Accepted 2 January 1998

Predation of attached Pseudomonas putida mt2 by the small ciliate Tetrahymena sp. was investigated with a percolated column system. Grazing rates were examined under static and dynamic conditions and were compared to grazing rates in batch systems containing suspended prey. The prey densities were 2 × 10⁸ bacteria per ml of pore space and 2 × 10⁸ bacteria per ml of suspension, respectively. Postingestion in situ hybridization of bacteria with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes was used to quantify ingestion. During 30 min, a grazing rate of 1,382 ± 1,029 bacteria individual¹ h¹ was obtained with suspended prey; this was twice the grazing rate observed with attached bacteria under static conditions. Continuous percolation at a flow rate of 73 cm h¹ further decreased the grazing rate to about 25% of the grazing rate observed with suspended prey. A considerable proportion of the protozoans fed on neither suspended bacteria nor attached bacteria. The transport of ciliates through the columns was monitored at the same time that predation was monitored. Less than 20% of the protozoans passed through the columns without being retained. Most of these organisms ingested no bacteria, whereas the retained protozoans grazed more efficiently. Retardation of ciliate transport was greater in columns containing attached bacteria than in bacterium-free columns. We propose that the correlation between grazing activity and retardation of transport is a consequence of the interaction between active predators and attached bacteria.

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^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: gsf-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Durchflußzytometrie, D-85258 Oberschleißheim, Germany. Phone: 49 89 3187-2842. Fax: 49 89 3187-3324. E-mail: eisenman{at}eawag.ch.

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