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Appl Environ Microbiol, July 1998, p. 2409-2417, Vol. 64, No. 7
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Role of Organic Acids in the Manganese-Independent Biobleaching System of Bjerkandera sp. Strain BOS55

María Teresa Moreira,1,2 Gumersindo Feijoo,2,3 Tünde Mester,3 Pablo Mayorga,1 Reyes Sierra-Alvarez,1 and Jim A. Field3,*

Division of Wood Science, Department of Forestry,1 and Division of Industrial Microbiology, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences,3 Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain2

Received 5 February 1998/Accepted 16 April 1998

Bjerkandera sp. strain BOS55 is a white rot fungus that can bleach EDTA-extracted eucalyptus oxygen-delignified kraft pulp (OKP) without any requirement for manganese. Under manganese-free conditions, additions of simple physiological organic acids (e.g., glycolate, glyoxylate, oxalate, and others) at 1 to 5 mM stimulated brightness gains and pulp delignification two- to threefold compared to results for control cultures not receiving acids. The role of the organic acids in improving the manganese-independent biobleaching was shown not to be due to pH-buffering effects. Instead, the stimulation was attributed to enhanced production of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) as well as increased physiological concentrations of veratryl alcohol and oxalate. These factors contributed to greatly improved production of superoxide anion radicals, which may have accounted for the more extensive biobleaching. Optimum biobleaching corresponded most to the production of MnP. These results suggest that MnP from Bjerkandera is purposefully produced in the absence of manganese and can possibly function independently of manganese in OKP delignification. LiP probably also contributed to OKP delignification when it was present.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Industrial Microbiology, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, P.O. Box 8129, Wageningen Agricultural University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-317-484976. Fax: 31-317-484978. E-mail: JIM.FIELD{at}ALGEMEEN.IM.FTNS.WAU.NL.

Appl Environ Microbiol, July 1998, p. 2409-2417, Vol. 64, No. 7
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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