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Appl Environ Microbiol, July 1998, p. 2616-2623, Vol. 64, No. 7
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Modeling of Growth of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Candida milleri in Response to Process Parameters of Sourdough Fermentation

Michael G. Gänzle, Michaela Ehmann, and Walter P. Hammes*

Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie, Universität Hohenheim, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany

Received 5 February 1998/Accepted 29 April 1998

We investigated the effect of the ecological factors pH, temperature, ionic strength, and lactate, acetate, and ethanol levels on Candida milleri and two strains of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, organisms representative of the microflora of sourdough. A mathematical model describing the single and combined effects of these factors on the growth of these organisms was established in accordance with the following criteria: quality of fit, biological significance of the parameters, and applicability of the in vitro data to in situ processes. The growth rates of L. sanfranciscensis LTH1729 and LTH2581 were virtually identical under all conditions tested. These organisms tolerated >160 mmol of undissociated acetic acid per liter. Growth occurred in the pH range of 3.9 to 6.7 and was completely inhibited by 4% NaCl. C. milleri had a lower optimum temperature for growth (27°C) than the lactobacilli. The growth of the yeast was not affected by pH in the range of 3.5 to 7, and up to 8% NaCl was tolerated. Complete inhibition of growth occurred at 150 mmol of undissociated acetic acid per liter, but acetate at concentrations of up to 250 mmol/liter exerted virtually no effect. The model provides insight into factors contributing to the stability of the sourdough microflora and can facilitate the design of novel sourdough processes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie, Fachbereich Allgemeine Lebensmitteltechnologie, Garbenstraße 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Phone: 49 711 459 2305. Fax: 49 711 459 4199. E-mail: hammeswp{at}uni-hohenheim.de.

Appl Environ Microbiol, July 1998, p. 2616-2623, Vol. 64, No. 7
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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