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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1998, p. 3209-3213, Vol. 64, No. 9
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Competitive Dominance among Strains of Luminous Bacteria Provides an Unusual Form of Evidence for Parallel Evolution in Sepiolid Squid-Vibrio Symbioses

Michele K. Nishiguchi,dagger Edward G. Ruby, and Margaret J. McFall-Ngai*

Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawai'i, Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Received 20 April 1998/Accepted 22 June 1998

One of the principal assumptions in symbiosis research is that associated partners have evolved in parallel. We report here experimental evidence for parallel speciation patterns among several partners of the sepiolid squid-luminous bacterial symbioses. Molecular phylogenies for 14 species of host squids were derived from sequences of both the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I; the glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase locus was sequenced for phylogenetic determinations of 7 strains of bacterial symbionts. Comparisons of trees constructed for each of the three loci revealed a parallel phylogeny between the sepiolids and their respective symbionts. Because both the squids and their bacterial partners can be easily cultured independently in the laboratory, we were able to couple these phylogenetic analyses with experiments to examine the ability of the different symbiont strains to compete with each other during the colonization of one of the host species. Our results not only indicate a pronounced dominance of native symbiont strains over nonnative strains, but also reveal a hierarchy of symbiont competency that reflects the phylogenetic relationships of the partners. For the first time, molecular systematics has been coupled with experimental colonization assays to provide evidence for the existence of parallel speciation among a set of animal-bacterial associations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawai'i, Manoa, 41 Ahui St., Honolulu, HI 96813. Phone: (808) 539-7310. Fax: (808) 599-4817. E-mail: mcfallng{at}hawaii.edu.

dagger Present address: Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1998, p. 3209-3213, Vol. 64, No. 9
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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