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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 1999, p. 260-263, Vol. 65, No. 1
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni in Broiler Flocks Using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR and 23S rRNA-PCR and Role of Litter in Its Transmission

Randy E. Payne,1 Margie D. Lee,2 David W. Dreesen,2 and Harold M. Barnhart1,*

Department of Environmental Health1 and Department of Medical Microbiology,2 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2102

Received 18 June 1998/Accepted 6 October 1998

Poultry has long been cited as a reservoir for Campylobacter spp., and litter has been implicated as a vehicle in their transmission. Chicks were raised on litter removed from a broiler house positive for Campylobacter jejuni. Litter was removed from the house on days 0, 3, and 9 after birds were removed for slaughter. Chicks were raised on these three litters under controlled conditions in flocks of 25. None of these birds yielded C. jejuni in their cecal droppings through 7 weeks. Two successive flocks from the same Campylobacter-positive broiler house were monitored for Campylobacter colonization. Campylobacter jejuni prevalence rates were determined for each flock. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR and 23S rRNA-PCR typing methods were used to group isolates. A high prevalence (60%) of C. jejuni in flock 1 coincided with the presence of an RAPD profile not appearing in flock 2, which had a lower rate of prevalence (28%). A 23S rRNA-PCR typing method was used to determine if strains with different RAPD profiles and different prevalence rates contained different 23S sequences. RAPD profiles detected with higher prevalence rates contained a spacer in the 23S rRNA region 100% of the time, while RAPD profiles found with lower prevalence rates contained an intervening sequence less than 2% of the time. Data suggest varying colonizing potentials of different RAPD profiles and a source other than previously used litter as a means of transmission of C. jejuni. These molecular typing methods demonstrate their usefulness, when used together, in this epidemiologic investigation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Environmental Health, 206 Environmental Health Building, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2102. Phone: (706) 542-2454. Fax: (706) 542-7472. E-mail: hbarnhar{at}arches.uga.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 1999, p. 260-263, Vol. 65, No. 1
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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