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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1999, p. 4537-4542, Vol. 65, No. 10
Center for Microbial Ecology and Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University,
E. Lansing, Michigan 48824,1 and
Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Clemson
University, Clemson, South Carolina 296312
Received 2 April 1999/Accepted 19 July 1999
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of
hydroxocobalamin (OH-Cbl) on transformation of high concentrations of
carbon tetrachloride (CT) by Acetobacterium woodii (ATCC
29683). Complete transformation of 470 µM (72 mg/liter [aqueous])
CT was achieved by A. woodii within 2.5 days, when 10 µM
OH-Cbl was added along with 25.2 mM fructose. This was approximately 30 times faster than A. woodii cultures (live or autoclaved)
and medium that did not receive OH-Cbl and 5 times faster than those
controls that did receive OH-Cbl, but either live A. woodii
or fructose was missing. CT transformation in treatments with only
OH-Cbl was indicative of the important contribution of nonenzymatic
reactions. Besides increasing the rate of CT transformation, addition
of fructose and OH-Cbl to live cultures increased the percentage of
[14C]CT transformed to 14CO2 (up
to 31%) and 14C-labeled soluble materials (principally
L-lactate and acetate), while decreasing the percentage of
CT reduced to chloroform and abiotically transformed to carbon
disulfide. 14CS2 represented more than 35% of
the [14C]CT in the presence of reduced medium and OH-Cbl.
Conversion of CT to CO was a predominant pathway in formation of
CO2 in the presence of live cells and added fructose and
OH-Cbl. These results indicate that the rate and distribution of
products during cometabolic transformation of CT by A. woodii can be improved by the addition of fructose and OH-Cbl.
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Enhanced Biotransformation of Carbon Tetrachloride
by Acetobacterium woodii upon Addition of Hydroxocobalamin
and Fructose
*
Corresponding author. Present address: Department of
Civil and Environmental Engineering, A126 Research
Complex
Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
48824. Phone: (517) 355-8241. Fax: (517) 355-0250. E-mail:
hashsham{at}pilot.msu.edu.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1999, p. 4537-4542, Vol. 65, No. 10
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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