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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1999, p. 5212-5221, Vol. 65, No. 12
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Influence of Different Electron Donors and Acceptors on Dehalorespiration of Tetrachloroethene by Desulfitobacterium frappieri TCE1

Jan Gerritse,1 Oliver Drzyzga,2,* Geert Kloetstra,2 Mischa Keijmel,2 Luit P. Wiersum,2 Roger Hutson,3 Matthew D. Collins,3 and Jan C. Gottschal2

TNO Institute of Environmental Sciences, Energy Research and Process Innovation, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, 7300 AH Apeldoorn,1 and Department of Microbiology, University of Groningen, 9751 NN Haren,2 The Netherlands, and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom3

Received 21 May 1999/Accepted 8 September 1999

Strain TCE1, a strictly anaerobic bacterium that can grow by reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE), was isolated by selective enrichment from a PCE-dechlorinating chemostat mixed culture. Strain TCE1 is a gram-positive, motile, curved rod-shaped organism that is 2 to 4 by 0.6 to 0.8 µm and has approximately six lateral flagella. The pH and temperature optima for growth are 7.2 and 35°C, respectively. On the basis of a comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis, this bacterium was identified as a new strain of Desulfitobacterium frappieri, because it exhibited 99.7% relatedness to the D. frappieri type strain, strain PCP-1. Growth with H2, formate, L-lactate, butyrate, crotonate, or ethanol as the electron donor depends on the availability of an external electron acceptor. Pyruvate and serine can also be used fermentatively. Electron donors (except formate and H2) are oxidized to acetate and CO2. When L-lactate is the growth substrate, strain TCE1 can use the following electron acceptors: PCE and TCE (to produce cis-1,2-dichloroethene), sulfite and thiosulfate (to produce sulfide), nitrate (to produce nitrite), and fumarate (to produce succinate). Strain TCE1 is not able to reductively dechlorinate 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate. The growth yields of the newly isolated bacterium when PCE is the electron acceptor are similar to those obtained for other dehalorespiring anaerobes (e.g., Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE1 and Desulfitobacterium hafniense) and the maximum specific reductive dechlorination rates are 4 to 16 times higher (up to 1.4 µmol of chloride released · min-1 · mg of protein-1). Dechlorination of PCE and TCE is an inducible process. In PCE-limited chemostat cultures of strain TCE1, dechlorination is strongly inhibited by sulfite but not by other alternative electron acceptors, such as fumarate or nitrate.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology (Microbial Ecology), University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-50-363-2169. Fax: 31-50-363-2154. E-mail: o.drzyzga{at}biol.rug.nl.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1999, p. 5212-5221, Vol. 65, No. 12
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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