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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 1999, p. 514-522, Vol. 65, No. 2
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Diversity of Free-Living and Attached Bacteria in Offshore
Western Mediterranean Waters as Depicted by Analysis of Genes
Encoding 16S rRNA
Silvia G.
Acinas,1
Josefa
Antón,2 and
Francisco
Rodríguez-Valera1,*
Unidad de Microbiología, Centro de
Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel
Hernández, Campus de San Juan, 03550 San Juan,
Alicante,1 and
División de Microbiología,
Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Alicante,
03080 Alicante,2 Spain
Received 30 April 1998/Accepted 12 November 1998
In a previous study (S. G. Acinas, F. Rodríguez-Valera, and C. Pedrós-Alió, FEMS
Microbiol. Ecol. 24:27-40, 1997), community fingerprinting by 16S rDNA
restriction analysis applied to Mediterranean offshore waters showed
that the free-living pelagic bacterial community was very different
from the bacterial cells aggregated or attached to particles of more
than about 8 µm. Here we have studied both assemblages at three
depths (5, 50, and 400 m) by cloning and sequencing the 16S rDNA
obtained from the same samples, and we have also studied the samples by
scanning electron microscopy to detect morphology patterns. As
expected, the sequences retrieved from the assemblages were very
different. The subsample of attached bacteria contained very little
diversity, with close relatives of a well-known species of marine
bacteria, Alteromonas macleodii, representing the vast
majority of the clones at every depth. On the other hand, the
free-living assemblage was highly diverse and varied with depth. At
400 m, close relatives of cultivated
Proteobacteria predominated, but as shown by other authors, near the surface most clones were related to phylotypes described only
by sequence, in which the
Proteobacteria of the SAR11
cluster predominated. The new technique of rDNA internal spacer
analysis has been utilized, confirming these results. Clones
representative of the A. macleodii cluster have been
completely sequenced, producing a picture that fits well with the idea
that they could represent a genus with at least two species and with a
characteristic depth distribution.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unidad de
Microbiología, Centro de Biología Molecular y Celular,
Universidad Miguel Hernández, Campus de San Juan, Apartado 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain. Phone: 34 6 5919451. Fax: 34 6 5919457. E-mail: FRVALERA{at}UMH.ES.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 1999, p. 514-522, Vol. 65, No. 2
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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