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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 1999, p. 2606-2613, Vol. 65, No. 6
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophage UNL-1, a Bacterial Virus with a Novel UV-A-Inducible DNA Damage Reactivation Phenotype

Julie J. Shaffer,1 Lisa M. Jacobsen,1 John O. Schrader,1 Kit W. Lee,1 Eugene L. Martin,1 and Tyler A. Kokjohn2,*

School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0666,1 and Department of Microbiology, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona 853082

Received 1 October 1998/Accepted 24 March 1999

UNL-1, a lytic virus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was observed to express a novel inducible DNA damage reactivation activity in UV-A-irradiated P. aeruginosa host cells. The expression of bacteriophage reactivation was quantified in hosts exposed to either UV-C or UV-A radiation. While reactivation of UV-C-damaged UNL-1 was not inducible in UV-C-irradiated host cells, an approximately 13-fold induction was observed in UV-A-irradiated host cells. When host cells were exposed to sunlight, reactivation of damaged UNL-1 virus increased eightfold. The UV-A induction of UNL-1 DNA damage reactivation was supported in hosts lacking recA gene function. This report is the first description of a recA-independent, UV-inducible virus DNA damage repair system. Our findings suggest that a combination of both host and virus DNA repair processes contribute to the persistence and sustained replication of some bacterial viruses in aquatic environments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308. Phone: (602) 572-3225. Fax: (602) 572-3226. E-mail: tkokjo{at}arizona.midwestern.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 1999, p. 2606-2613, Vol. 65, No. 6
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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