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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2901-2906, Vol. 65, No. 7
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Characterization and Identification of Pediococcus Species Isolated from Forage Crops and Their Application for Silage Preparation

Yimin Cai,1,* Sumio Kumai,2 Masuhiro Ogawa,3 Yoshimi Benno,1 and Takashi Nakase1

Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,1 College of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566,2 and Kyusyu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-1192,3 Japan

Received 16 October 1998/Accepted 7 April 1999

Pediococcus species isolated from forage crops were characterized, and their application to silage preparation was studied. Most isolates were distributed on forage crops at low frequency. These isolates could be divided into three (A, B, and C) groups by their sugar fermentation patterns. Strains LA 3, LA 35, and LS 5 are representative isolates from groups A, B, and C, respectively. Strains LA 3 and LA 35 had intragroup DNA homology values above 93.6%, showing that they belong to the species Pediococcus acidilactici. Strain LS 5 belonged to Pediococcus pentosaceus on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness. All three of these strains and strain SL 1 (Lactobacillus casei, isolated from a commercial inoculant) were used as additives to alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silage preparation at two temperatures (25 and 48°C). When stored at 25°C, all of the inoculated silages were well preserved and exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) reduced fermentation losses compared to that of their control in alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silages. When stored at 48°C, silages inoculated with strains LA 3 and LA 35 were also well preserved, with a significantly (P < 0.05) lower pH, butyric acid and ammonia-nitrogen content, gas production, and dry matter loss and significantly (P < 0.05) higher lactate content than the control, but silages inoculated with LS 5 and SL 1 were of poor quality. P. acidilactici LA 3 and LA 35 are considered suitable as potential silage inoculants.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Phone: 81-48-467-9562. Fax: 81-48-462-4619. E-mail: cai{at}ulmus.riken.go.jp.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 1999, p. 2901-2906, Vol. 65, No. 7
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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