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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2000, p. 5116-5122, Vol. 66, No. 12
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Community Composition of Marine Bacterioplankton Determined by
16S rRNA Gene Clone Libraries and Fluorescence In Situ
Hybridization
Matthew T.
Cottrell and
David L.
Kirchman*
College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware,
Lewes, Delaware 19958
Received 18 May 2000/Accepted 4 August 2000
We determined the compositions of bacterioplankton communities in
surface waters of coastal California using clone libraries of 16S rRNA
genes and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in order to compare
the community structures inferred from these two culture-independent
approaches. The compositions of two clone libraries were quite similar
to those of clone libraries of marine bacterioplankton examined by
previous studies. Clones from
-proteobacteria comprised ca. 28% of
the libraries, while approximately 55% of the clones came from
-proteobacteria, which dominated the clone libraries. The
Cytophaga-Flavobacter group and three others each comprised
10% or fewer of the clone libraries. The community composition determined by FISH differed substantially from the composition implied
by the clone libraries. The Cytophaga-Flavobacter group dominated 8 of the 11 communities assayed by FISH, including the two
communities assayed using clone libraries. On average only 10% of DAPI
(4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-stained bacteria were detected by FISH
with a probe for
-proteobacteria, but 30% of DAPI-stained bacteria
appeared to be in the Cytophaga-Flavobacter group as
determined by FISH.
-Proteobacteria were greatly overrepresented in
clone libraries compared to their relative abundance determined by
FISH, while the Cytophaga-Flavobacter group was
underrepresented in clone libraries. Our data show that the
Cytophaga-Flavobacter group can be a numerically dominant
component of coastal marine bacterioplankton communities.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: College of
Marine Studies, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Rd., Lewes,
DE 19958. Phone: (302) 645-4375. Fax: (302) 645-4028. E-mail:
kirchman{at}udel.edu.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2000, p. 5116-5122, Vol. 66, No. 12
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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