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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, March 2000, p. 1093-1097, Vol. 66, No. 3
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis Synergizes Activity of Bacillus sphaericus against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Margaret C. Wirth,1,* Brian A. Federici,1,2 and William E. Walton1

Department of Entomology1 and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics and Microbiology,2 University of California, Riverside, California 92521

Received 23 August 1999/Accepted 15 December 1999

Bacillus sphaericus is a mosquitocidal bacterium recently developed as a commercial larvicide that is used worldwide to control pestiferous and vector mosquitoes. Whereas B. sphaericus is highly active against larvae of Culex and Anopheles mosquitoes, it is virtually nontoxic to Aedes aegypti, an important vector species. In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of the cytolytic protein Cyt1A from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to enhance the toxicity of B. sphaericus toward A. aegypti. Various combinations of these two materials were evaluated, and all were highly toxic. A ratio of 10:1 of B. sphaericus to Cyt1A was 3,600-fold more toxic to A. aegypti than B. sphaericus alone. Statistical analysis showed this high activity was due to synergism between the Cyt1A toxin and B. sphaericus. These results suggest that Cyt1A could be useful in expanding the host range of B. sphaericus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (909) 787-3918. Fax: (909) 787-3086. E-mail: mcwirth{at}mail.ucr.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, March 2000, p. 1093-1097, Vol. 66, No. 3
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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