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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2000, p. 2006-2011, Vol. 66, No. 5
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Reduction of Fe(III), Cr(VI), U(VI), and Tc(VII) by
Deinococcus radiodurans R1
J. K.
Fredrickson,1,*
H. M.
Kostandarithes,1
S. W.
Li,1
A. E.
Plymale,1 and
M.
J.
Daly2
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,
Richland, Washington 99352,1 and
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814-47992
Received 20 January 2000/Accepted 8 March 2000
Deinococcus radiodurans is an exceptionally
radiation-resistant microorganism capable of surviving acute exposures
to ionizing radiation doses of 15,000 Gy and previously described as
having a strictly aerobic respiratory metabolism. Under strict
anaerobic conditions, D. radiodurans R1 reduced
Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetic acid coupled to the oxidation of lactate to
CO2 and acetate but was unable to link this process to
growth. D. radiodurans reduced the humic acid
analog anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) to its dihydroquinone form,
AH2DS, which subsequently transferred electrons to the
Fe(III) oxides hydrous ferric oxide and goethite via a previously
described electron shuttle mechanism. D. radiodurans reduced the solid-phase Fe(III) oxides in the presence of either 0.1 mM
AQDS or leonardite humic acids (2 mg ml
1) but not in
their absence. D. radiodurans also reduced U(VI) and
Tc(VII) in the presence of AQDS. In contrast, Cr(VI) was directly reduced in anaerobic cultures with lactate although the rate of reduction was higher in the presence of AQDS. The results are the first
evidence that D. radiodurans can reduce Fe(III) coupled to
the oxidation of lactate or other organic compounds. Also, D. radiodurans, in combination with humic acids or synthetic
electron shuttle agents, can reduce U and Tc and thus has
potential applications for remediation of metal- and
radionuclide-contaminated sites where ionizing radiation or other
DNA-damaging agents may restrict the activity of more sensitive organisms.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, MSIN P7-50, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA
99352. Phone: (509) 376-7063. Fax: (509) 376-1321. E-mail:
jim.fredrickson{at}pnl.gov.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2000, p. 2006-2011, Vol. 66, No. 5
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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