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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2408-2413, Vol. 66, No. 6
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Isolation and Characterization of Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans sp. nov., a Marine Dechlorinating Bacterium Growing by Coupling the Oxidation of Acetate to the Reductive Dechlorination of 2-Chlorophenol

Baolin Sun,1 James R. Cole,1 Robert A. Sanford,2 and James M. Tiedje1,*

Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824,1 and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 618012

Received 31 January 2000/Accepted 21 March 2000

Strain SF3, a gram-negative, anaerobic, motile, short curved rod that grows by coupling the reductive dechlorination of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) to the oxidation of acetate, was isolated from San Francisco Bay sediment. Strain SF3 grew at concentrations of NaCl ranging from 0.16 to 2.5%, but concentrations of KCl above 0.32% inhibited growth. The isolate used acetate, fumarate, lactate, propionate, pyruvate, alanine, and ethanol as electron donors for growth coupled to reductive dechlorination. Among the halogenated aromatic compounds tested, only the ortho position of chlorophenols was reductively dechlorinated, and additional chlorines at other positions blocked ortho dechlorination. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and nitrate were also used as electron acceptors for growth. The optimal temperature for growth was 30°C, and no growth or dechlorination activity was observed at 37°C. Growth by reductive dechlorination was revealed by a growth yield of about 1 g of protein per mol of 2-CP dechlorinated, and about 2.7 g of protein per mole of 2,6-dichlorophenol dechlorinated. The physiological features and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence suggest that the organism is a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio and which we have designated Desulfovibrio dechloracetivorans. The unusual physiological feature of this strain is that it uses acetate as an electron donor and carbon source for growth with 2-CP but not with sulfate.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Microbial Ecology, Plant and Soil Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325. Phone: (517) 353-9021. Fax: (517) 353-2917. E-mail: tiedjej{at}pilot.msu.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2408-2413, Vol. 66, No. 6
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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