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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2620-2626, Vol. 66, No. 6
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Physiologic Determinants of Radiation Resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans

Amudhan Venkateswaran,1 Sara C. McFarlan,2 Debabrota Ghosal,1 Kenneth W. Minton,1 Alexander Vasilenko,1 Kira Makarova,1,3,dagger Lawrence P. Wackett,2 and Michael J. Daly1,*

Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 208141; Department of Biochemistry, Biological Process Technology Institute and Center for Biodegradation Research and Informatics, Gortner Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 551082; and National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208943

Received 29 October 1999/Accepted 17 March 2000

Immense volumes of radioactive wastes, which were generated during nuclear weapons production, were disposed of directly in the ground during the Cold War, a period when national security priorities often surmounted concerns over the environment. The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is the most radiation-resistant organism known and is currently being engineered for remediation of the toxic metal and organic components of these environmental wastes. Understanding the biotic potential of D. radiodurans and its global physiological integrity in nutritionally restricted radioactive environments is important in development of this organism for in situ bioremediation. We have previously shown that D. radiodurans can grow on rich medium in the presence of continuous radiation (6,000 rads/h) without lethality. In this study we developed a chemically defined minimal medium that can be used to analyze growth of this organism in the presence and in the absence of continuous radiation; whereas cell growth was not affected in the absence of radiation, cells did not grow and were killed in the presence of continuous radiation. Under nutrient-limiting conditions, DNA repair was found to be limited by the metabolic capabilities of D. radiodurans and not by any nutritionally induced defect in genetic repair. The results of our growth studies and analysis of the complete D. radiodurans genomic sequence support the hypothesis that there are several defects in D. radiodurans global metabolic regulation that limit carbon, nitrogen, and DNA metabolism. We identified key nutritional constituents that restore growth of D. radiodurans in nutritionally limiting radioactive environments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathology, Rm. B3153, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799. Phone: (301) 295-3750. Fax: (301) 295-1640. E-mail: mdaly{at}usuhs.mil.

dagger Permanent address: Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2000, p. 2620-2626, Vol. 66, No. 6
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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