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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2000, p. 2695-2702, Vol. 66, No. 7
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Effect of Model Sorptive Phases on Phenanthrene Biodegradation: Different Enrichment Conditions Influence Bioavailability and Selection of Phenanthrene-Degrading Isolates

Robert J. Grosser,1,dagger Michael Friedrich,2,Dagger David M. Ward,1,2 and William P. Inskeep1,*

Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-0312,1 and Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-35202

Received 18 October 1999/Accepted 31 March 2000

The sorption of organic contaminants by natural organic matter (NOM) often limits substrate bioavailability and is an important factor affecting microbial degradation rates in soils and sediments. We hypothesized that reduced substrate bioavailability might influence which microbial assemblages are responsible for contaminant degradation under enrichment culture conditions. Our primary goal was to characterize enrichments in which different model organic solid phases were used to establish a range of phenanthrene bioavailabilities for soil microorganisms. Phenanthrene sorption coefficients (expressed as log KD values) ranged from 3.0 liters kg-1 for Amberlite carboxylic acid cation-exchange resin (AMB) to 3.5 liters kg-1 for Biobeads polyacrylic resin (SM7) and 4.2 liters kg-1 for Biobeads divinyl benzene resin (SM2). Enrichment cultures were established for control (no sorptive phase), sand, AMB, SM7, and SM2 treatments by using two contaminated soils (from Dover, Ohio, and Libby, Mont.) as the initial inocula. The effects of sorption by model phases on the degradation of phenanthrene were evaluated for numerous transfers in order to obtain stable microbial assemblages representative of sorptive and nonsorptive enrichment cultures and to eliminate the effects of the NOM present in the initial inoculum. Phenanthrene degradation rates were similar for each soil inoculum and ranged from 4 to 5 µmol day-1 for control and sand treatments to approximately 0.4 µmol day-1 in the presence of the SM7 sorptive phase. The rates of phenanthrene degradation in the highly sorptive SM2 enrichment culture were insignificant; consequently, stable microbial populations could not be obtained. Bacterial isolates obtained from serial dilutions of enrichment culture samples exhibited significant differences in rates of phenanthrene degradation performed in the presence of SM7, suggesting that enrichments performed in the presence of a sorptive phase selected for different microbial assemblages than control treatments containing solid phase phenanthrene.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, P.O. Box 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717-0312. Phone: (406) 994-7060. Fax: (406) 994-3933. E-mail: binskeep{at}montana.edu.

dagger Present address: NRMRL, US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268.

Dagger Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Terrestrische Mikrobiologie, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2000, p. 2695-2702, Vol. 66, No. 7
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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