This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hamamoto, H.
Right arrow Articles by Hibi, T.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hamamoto, H.
Right arrow Articles by Hibi, T.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Hamamoto, H.
Right arrow Articles by Hibi, T.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2000, p. 3421-3426, Vol. 66, No. 8
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Tandem Repeat of a Transcriptional Enhancer Upstream of the Sterol 14alpha -Demethylase Gene (CYP51) in Penicillium digitatum

Hiroshi Hamamoto,1,2,* Koji Hasegawa,1 Ryoji Nakaune,3 Young Jin Lee,1 Yoshiyuki Makizumi,1 Katsumi Akutsu,4 and Tadaaki Hibi1

Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657,1 Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution (BRAIN), Nisshin, Ohmiya, Saitama 331-0044,2 National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Akitsu, Hiroshima 729-2494,3 and Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300-0393,4 Japan

Received 15 October 1999/Accepted 1 June 2000

We investigated the mechanism of resistance to demethylation inhibitors (DMI) in Penicillium digitatum by isolating the CYP51 gene, which encodes the target enzyme (P45014DM) of DMI, from three DMI-resistant and three DMI-sensitive strains. The structural genes of all six strains were identical, but in the promoter region, a unique 126-bp sequence was tandemly repeated five times in the DMI-resistant strains and was present only once in the DMI-sensitive strains. Constitutive expression of CYP51 in the resistant strains was about 100-fold higher than that in the sensitive strains. We introduced CYP51, including the promoter region, from a DMI-resistant strain into a DMI-sensitive strain, which rendered the transformants DMI resistant and increased CYP51 expression. We also found that if the number of copies of the repeat was reduced to two, resistance and CYP51 expression also decreased. These results indicate that the 126-bp unit acts as a transcriptional enhancer and that a tandem repeat of the unit enhances CYP51 expression, resulting in DMI resistance. This is a new fungicide resistance mechanism for filamentous fungi.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5841-5054. Fax: 81-3-5841-5090. E-mail: hirohama{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2000, p. 3421-3426, Vol. 66, No. 8
0099-2240/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Luo, C.-X., Schnabel, G. (2008). The Cytochrome P450 Lanosterol 14{alpha}-Demethylase Gene Is a Demethylation Inhibitor Fungicide Resistance Determinant in Monilinia fructicola Field Isolates from Georgia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 359-366 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mellado, E., Garcia-Effron, G., Alcazar-Fuoli, L., Melchers, W. J. G., Verweij, P. E., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L. (2007). A New Aspergillus fumigatus Resistance Mechanism Conferring In Vitro Cross-Resistance to Azole Antifungals Involves a Combination of cyp51A Alterations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 1897-1904 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ma, Z., Proffer, T. J., Jacobs, J. L., Sundin, G. W. (2006). Overexpression of the 14{alpha}-Demethylase Target Gene (CYP51) Mediates Fungicide Resistance in Blumeriella jaapii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 2581-2585 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sekine, M., Taya, C., Shitara, H., Kikkawa, Y., Akamatsu, N., Kotani, M., Miyazaki, M., Suzuki, A., Yonekawa, H. (2006). The cis-Regulatory Element Gsl5 Is Indispensable for Proximal Straight Tubule Cell-specific Transcription of Core 2 beta-1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase in the Mouse Kidney. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 1008-1015 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zwiers, L.-H., Stergiopoulos, I., Van Nistelrooy, J. G. M., De Waard, M. A. (2002). ABC Transporters and Azole Susceptibility in Laboratory Strains of the Wheat Pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 3900-3906 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»