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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2001, p. 4701-4707, Vol. 67, No. 10
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4701-4707.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Expression, Gene Cloning, and Characterization of Five Novel Phytases from Four Basidiomycete Fungi: Peniophora lycii, Agrocybe pediades, a Ceriporia sp., and Trametes pubescens

Søren F. Lassen,1,* Jens Breinholt,2 Peter R. Østergaard,1 Roland Brugger,3 Andrea Bischoff,3 Markus Wyss,3 and Claus C. Fuglsang1

Novozymes A/S, DK-2880 Bagsværd,1 and Novo Nordisk A/S, DK-2760 Måløv,2 Denmark, and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland3

Received 30 April 2001/Accepted 1 August 2001

Phytases catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphomonoester bonds of phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate), thereby creating lower forms of myo-inositol phosphates and inorganic phosphate. In this study, cDNA expression libraries were constructed from four basidiomycete fungi (Peniophora lycii, Agrocybe pediades, a Ceriporia sp., and Trametes pubescens) and screened for phytase activity in yeast. One full-length phytase-encoding cDNA was isolated from each library, except for the Ceriporia sp. library where two different phytase-encoding cDNAs were found. All five phytases were expressed in Aspergillus oryzae, purified, and characterized. The phytases revealed temperature optima between 40 and 60°C and pH optima at 5.0 to 6.0, except for the P. lycii phytase, which has a pH optimum at 4.0 to 5.0. They exhibited specific activities in the range of 400 to 1,200 U · mg, of protein-1 and were capable of hydrolyzing phytate down to myo-inositol monophosphate. Surprisingly, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the hydrolysis of phytate by all five basidiomycete phytases showed a preference for initial attack at the 6-phosphate group of phytic acid, a characteristic that was believed so far not to be seen with fungal phytases. Accordingly, the basidiomycete phytases described here should be grouped as 6-phytases (EC 3.1.3.26).

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsværd, Denmark. Phone: 45 4442 2556. Fax: 45 4442 7828. E-mail: sfl{at}novozymes.com.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2001, p. 4701-4707, Vol. 67, No. 10
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4701-4707.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.