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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2001, p. 5474-5481, Vol. 67, No. 12
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.12.5474-5481.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Proteins Induced during Adaptation of Acetobacter aceti to High Acetate Concentrations

Peter Steiner and Uwe Sauer*

Institute of Biotechnology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland

Received 21 June 2001/Accepted 19 September 2001

As a typical product of microbial metabolism, the weak acid acetate is well known for its cytotoxic effects. In contrast to most other microbes, the so-called acetic acid bacteria can acquire significant resistance to high acetate concentrations when properly adapted to such hostile conditions. To characterize the molecular events that are associated with this adaptation, we analyzed global protein expression levels during adaptation of Acetobacter aceti by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Adaptation was achieved by using serial batch and continuous cultivations with increasing acetate supplementation. Computer-aided analysis revealed a complex proteome response with at least 50 proteins that are specifically induced by adaptation to acetate but not by other stress conditions, such as heat or oxidative or osmotic stress. Of these proteins, 19 were significantly induced in serial batch and continuous cultures and were thus noted as acetate adaptation proteins (Aaps). Here we present first microsequence information on such Aaps from A. aceti. Membrane-associated processes appear to be of major importance for adaptation, because some of the Aap bear N-terminal sequence homology to membrane proteins and 11 of about 40 resolved proteins from membrane protein-enriched fractions are significantly induced.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Biotechnology, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland. Phone: 41-1-633 36 72. Fax: 41-1-633 10 51. E-mail: sauer{at}biotech.biol.ethz.ch.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2001, p. 5474-5481, Vol. 67, No. 12
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.12.5474-5481.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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