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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1558-1564, Vol. 67, No. 4
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1558-1564.2001

Identification and Characterization of Integron-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance among Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates

Shaohua Zhao,1,* David G. White,1 Beilei Ge,2 Sherry Ayers,1 Sharon Friedman,1 Linda English,1 David Wagner,1 Stuart Gaines,1 and Jianghong Meng2

Division of Animal and Food Microbiology, Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708,1 and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 207422

Received 5 May 2000/Accepted 7 January 2001

A total of 50 isolates of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), including 29 O157:H7 and 21 non-O157 STEC strains, were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibilities and the presence of class 1 integrons. Seventy-eight (n = 39) percent of the isolates exhibited resistance to two or more antimicrobial classes. Multiple resistance to streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline was most often observed. Class 1 integrons were identified among nine STEC isolates, including serotypes O157:H7, O111:H11, O111:H8, O111:NM, O103:H2, O45:H2, O26:H11, and O5:NM. The majority of the amplified integron fragments were 1 kb in size with the exception of one E. coli O111:H8 isolate which possessed a 2-kb amplicon. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the integrons identified within the O111:H11, O111:NM, O45:H2, and O26:H11 isolates contained the aadA gene encoding resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin. Integrons identified among the O157:H7 and O103:H2 isolates also possessed a similar aadA gene. However, DNA sequencing revealed only 86 and 88% homology, respectively. The 2-kb integron of the E. coli O111:H8 isolate contained three genes, dfrXII, aadA2, and a gene of unknown function, orfF, which were 86, 100, and 100% homologous, respectively, to previously reported gene cassettes identified in integrons found in Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, integrons identified among the O157:H7 and O111:NM strains were transferable via conjugation to another strain of E. coli O157:H7 and to several strains of Hafnia alvei. To our knowledge, this is the first report of integrons and antibiotic resistance gene cassettes in STEC, in particular E. coli O157:H7.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Office of Research, U.S. FDA/CVM, 8401 Muirkirk Rd., Laurel, MD 20708. Phone: (301) 827-8139. Fax: (301) 827-8127. E-mail: szhao{at}cvm.fda.gov.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2001, p. 1558-1564, Vol. 67, No. 4
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1558-1564.2001


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