Changes in the Carriage of Campylobacter Strains by Poultry Carcasses during Processing in Abattoirs

doi:10.1128/AEM.67.6.2636-2640.2001

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2001, p. 2636-2640, Vol. 67, No. 6
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.6.2636-2640.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Changes in the Carriage of Campylobacter Strains by Poultry Carcasses during Processing in Abattoirs

D. G. Newell,¹^,^* J. E. Shreeve,¹ M. Toszeghy,¹ G. Domingue,² S. Bull,² T. Humphrey,² and G. Mead³

Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), New Haw, Surrey KT15 3BN,¹ PHLS Food Microbiology Research Unit, Exeter, Devon EX2 5AD,² and Royal Veterinary College, Potters Bar, Herts. EN6 1NB,³ United Kingdom

Received 25 October 2000/Accepted 8 March 2001

The recent development of simple, rapid genotyping techniques for Campylobacter species has enabled investigation of the determinativeepidemiology of these organisms in a variety of situations. Inthis study we have used the technique of fla typing (PCR-restrictionfragment length polymorphism analysis of the flaA and flaB genes)to identify the sources of strains contaminating the carcassesof five campylobacter-positive and two campylobacter-negativebroiler flocks during abattoir processing. The results confirmedthat, in the United Kingdom, individual broiler flocks are colonizedby a limited number of subtypes of Campylobacter jejuni or C.coli. In some but not all cases, the same subtypes, isolated fromthe ceca, contaminated the end product as observed in carcasswashes. However, the culture methodology, i.e, use of direct platingor enrichment, affected this subtype distribution. Moreover, thenumber of isolates analyzed per sample was limited. fla typingalso indicated that some campylobacter subtypes survive poultryprocessing better than others. The extent of resistance to theenvironmental stresses during processing varied between strains.The more robust subtypes appeared to contaminate the abattoirenvironment, surviving through carcass chilling, and even carryingover onto subsequent flocks. From these studies it is confirmedthat some campylobacter-negative flocks reach the abattoir butthe carcasses from such flocks are rapidly contaminated by variouscampylobacter subtypes during processing. However, only some ofthese contaminating subtypes appeared to survive processing. Thesources of this contamination are not clear, but in both negativeflocks, campylobacters of the same subtypes as those recoveredfrom the carcasses were isolated from the crates used to transportthe birds. In one case, this crate contamination was shown tobe present before the birds wereloaded.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, U.K.Phone: (44) 1932357547. Fax: (44) 1932357595. E-mail: dnewell.cvl.wood{at}gtnet.gov.uk.

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