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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 2922-2926, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.2922-2926.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Photosynthetic and Phylogenetic Primers for Detection of Anoxygenic Phototrophs in Natural Environments

Laurie A. Achenbach,* Jennifer Carey,dagger and Michael T. Madigan

Department of Microbiology and Center for Systematic Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois

Received 17 January 2001/Accepted 10 April 2001

Primer sets were designed to target specific 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of photosynthetic bacteria, including the green sulfur bacteria, the green nonsulfur bacteria, and the members of the Heliobacteriaceae (a gram-positive phylum). Due to the phylogenetic diversity of purple sulfur and purple nonsulfur phototrophs, the 16S rDNA gene was not an appropriate target for phylogenetic rDNA primers. Thus, a primer set was designed that targets the pufM gene, encoding the M subunit of the photosynthetic reaction center, which is universally distributed among purple phototrophic bacteria. The pufM primer set amplified DNAs not only from purple sulfur and purple nonsulfur phototrophs but also from Chloroflexus species, which also produce a reaction center like that of the purple bacteria. Although the purple bacterial reaction center structurally resembles green plant photosystem II, the pufM primers did not amplify cyanobacterial DNA, further indicating their specificity for purple anoxyphototrophs. This combination of phylogenetic- and photosynthesis-specific primers covers all groups of known anoxygenic phototrophs and as such shows promise as a molecular tool for the rapid assessment of natural samples in ecological studies of these organisms.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, MailCode 6508, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901. Phone: (618) 453-7984. Fax: (618) 453-8036. E-mail: laurie{at}micro.siu.edu.

dagger Present address: Biomedical Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 2922-2926, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.2922-2926.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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