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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 3058-3063, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3058-3063.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Killer Toxin of Kluyveromyces phaffii DBVPG 6076 as a Biopreservative Agent To Control Apiculate Wine Yeasts

M. Ciani1,* and F. Fatichenti2

Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie e Ambientali, Università di Ancona, Ancona 60131,1 and Sez. Microbiologia Applicata, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali, Università di Perugia, Perugia 06121,2 Italy

Received 1 February 2001/Accepted 2 April 2001

The use of Kluyveromyces phaffii DBVPG 6076 killer toxin against apiculate wine yeasts has been investigated. The killer toxin of K. phaffii DBVPG 6076 showed extensive anti-Hanseniaspora activity against strains isolated from grape samples. The proteinaceous killer toxin was found to be active in the pH range of 3 to 5 and at temperatures lower than 40°C. These biochemical properties would allow the use of K. phaffii killer toxin in wine making. Fungicidal or fungistatic effects depend on the toxin concentration. Toxin concentrations present in the supernatant during optimal conditions of production (14.3 arbitrary units) exerted a fungicidal effect on a sensitive strain of Hanseniaspora uvarum. At subcritical concentrations (fungistatic effect) the saturation kinetics observed with the increased ratio of killer toxin to H. uvarum cells suggest the presence of a toxin receptor. The inhibitory activity exerted by the killer toxin present in grape juice was comparable to that of sulfur dioxide. The findings presented suggest that the K. phaffii DBVPG 6076 killer toxin has potential as a biopreservative agent in wine making.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie e Ambientali, Università di Ancona, via Brecce Bianche, 14, 60131 Ancona, Italy. Phone: 39 071 2204987. Fax: 39 1071 2204858. E-mail: mciani{at}popcsi.unian.it.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 3058-3063, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3058-3063.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • De Ingeniis, J., Raffaelli, N., Ciani, M., Mannazzu, I. (2009). Pichia anomala DBVPG 3003 Secretes a Ubiquitin-Like Protein That Has Antimicrobial Activity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 1129-1134 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Santos, A., San Mauro, M., Bravo, E., Marquina, D. (2009). PMKT2, a new killer toxin from Pichia membranifaciens, and its promising biotechnological properties for control of the spoilage yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis. Microbiology 155: 624-634 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
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