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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2002, p. 138-142, Vol. 68, No. 1
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.138-142.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Neurovirulence of Type 1 Polioviruses Isolated from Sewage in Japan

Hitoshi Horie,1* Hiromu Yoshida,2 Kumiko Matsuura,3 Miwako Miyazawa,1 Yoshihiro Ota,1 Takashi Nakayama,3 Yutaka Doi,1 and So Hashizume1

Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Kumegawa 5-34-4, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0003,1 Department Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011,2 Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Nakataikoyama, Kosugi-machi, Imizu-gun, Toyama 939-0363, Japan3

Received 29 May 2000/ Accepted 18 October 2001

Sixteen type 1 poliovirus strains were isolated from a sewage disposal plant located downstream of the Oyabe River in Japan between October 1993 and September 1995. The isolates were intratypically differentiated as vaccine-derived strains. Neutralizing antigenicity analysis with monoclonal antibodies and estimation of neurovirulence by mutant analysis by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage (MAPREC) were performed for 13 type 1 strains of these isolates. The isolates were classified into three groups. Group I (five strains) had a variant type of antigenicity and neurovirulent phenotype. Group II (four strains) had the vaccine type of antigenicity and neurovirulent phenotype. Group III (four strains) had the vaccine type of antigenicity and an attenuated phenotype. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the virulent isolates were neutralized by human sera obtained after oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) administration, and the sera of rats immunized with inactivated poliovirus vaccine. Although vaccination was effective against virulent polioviruses, virulent viruses will continue to exist in the environment as long as OPV is in use.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Kumegawa 5-34-4, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0003, Japan. Phone: 81-423-93-3191. Fax: 81-423-92-7885. Email: jpri{at}technowave.ne.jp.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2002, p. 138-142, Vol. 68, No. 1
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.138-142.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Arita, M., Zhu, S.-L., Yoshida, H., Yoneyama, T., Miyamura, T., Shimizu, H. (2005). A Sabin 3-Derived Poliovirus Recombinant Contained a Sequence Homologous with Indigenous Human Enterovirus Species C in the Viral Polymerase Coding Region. J. Virol. 79: 12650-12657 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sano, D., Omura, T. (2005). Construction of a Cloning System for the Mass Production of a Virus-Binding Protein Specific for Poliovirus Type 1. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 2608-2615 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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