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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2002, p. 73-81, Vol. 68, No. 1
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.73-81.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Ammonia- and Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities in a Pilot-Scale Chloraminated Drinking Water Distribution System

John M. Regan, Gregory W. Harrington, and Daniel R. Noguera*

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1691

Received 6 August 2001/ Accepted 30 October 2001

Nitrification in drinking water distribution systems is a common operational problem for many utilities that use chloramines for secondary disinfection. The diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in the distribution systems of a pilot-scale chloraminated drinking water treatment system was characterized using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis and 16S rRNA gene (ribosomal DNA [rDNA]) cloning and sequencing. For ammonia oxidizers, 16S rDNA-targeted T-RFLP indicated the presence of Nitrosomonas in each of the distribution systems, with a considerably smaller peak attributable to Nitrosospira-like AOB. Sequences of AOB amplification products aligned within the Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster and were closely related to N. oligotropha and Nitrosomonas ureae. The nitrite-oxidizing communities were comprised primarily of Nitrospira, although Nitrobacter was detected in some samples. These results suggest a possible selection of AOB related to N. oligotropha and N. ureae in chloraminated systems and demonstrate the presence of NOB, indicating a biological mechanism for nitrite loss that contributes to a reduction in nitrite-associated chloramine decay.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 3216 Engineering Hall, 1415 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1691. Phone: (608) 263-7783. Fax: (608) 262-5199. E-mail: noguera{at}engr.wisc.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2002, p. 73-81, Vol. 68, No. 1
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.1.73-81.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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