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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2002, p. 5891-5903, Vol. 68, No. 12
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.5891-5903.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Macedocin, a Food-Grade Lantibiotic Produced by Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198

Marina D. Georgalaki,1 Erika Van den Berghe,2 Dimitrios Kritikos,1 Bart Devreese,3 Jozef Van Beeumen,3 George Kalantzopoulos,1 Luc De Vuyst,2 and Effie Tsakalidou1*

Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, 118 55 Athens, Greece,1 Research Group of Industrial Microbiology, Fermentation Technology and Downstream Processing, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels,2 Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry and Protein Engineering, University of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium3

Received 24 January 2002/ Accepted 21 August 2002

Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198, a strain isolated from Greek Kasseri cheese, produces a food-grade lantibiotic named macedocin. Macedocin has a molecular mass of 2,794.76 ± 0.42 Da, as determined by electrospray mass spectrometry. Partial N-terminal sequence analysis revealed 22 amino acid residues that correspond with the amino acid sequence of the lantibiotics SA-FF22 and SA-M49, both of which were isolated from the pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. Macedocin inhibits a broad spectrum of lactic acid bacteria, as well as several food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, including Clostridium tyrobutyricum. It displays a bactericidal effect towards the most sensitive indicator strain, Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei LMG 13558T, while the producer strain itself displays autoinhibition when it is grown under conditions that do not favor bacteriocin production. Macedocin is active at pHs between 4.0 and 9.0, and it retains activity even after incubation for 20 min at 121°C with 1 atm of overpressure. Inhibition of macedocin by proteolytic enzymes is variable.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece. Phone: 30 10 529 4676. Fax: 30 10 529 4672. E-mail: et{at}aua.gr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2002, p. 5891-5903, Vol. 68, No. 12
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.5891-5903.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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