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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2002, p. 5904-5910, Vol. 68, No. 12
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.5904-5910.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Temperature- and Surfactant-Induced Membrane Modifications That Alter Listeria monocytogenes Nisin Sensitivity by Different Mechanisms{dagger}

Jie Li, Michael L. Chikindas, Richard D. Ludescher, and Thomas J. Montville*

Department of Food Science, Cook College, The New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901

Received 18 March 2002/ Accepted 30 August 2002

Nisin interacts with target membranes in four sequential steps: binding, insertion, aggregation, and pore formation. Alterations in membrane composition might influence any of these steps. We hypothesized that cold temperatures (10°C) and surfactant (0.1% Tween 20) in the growth medium would influence Listeria monocytogenes membrane lipid composition, membrane fluidity, and, as a result, sensitivity to nisin. Compared to the membranes of cells grown at 30°C, those of L. monocytogenes grown at 10°C had increased amounts of shorter, branched-chain fatty acids, increased fluidity (as measured by fluorescence anisotropy), and increased nisin sensitivity. When 0.1% Tween 20 was included in the medium and the cells were cultured at 30°C, there were complex changes in lipid composition. They did not influence membrane fluidity but nonetheless increased nisin sensitivity. Further investigation found that these cells had an increased ability to bind radioactively labeled nisin. This suggests that the modification of the surfactant-adapted cell membrane increased nisin sensitivity at the binding step and demonstrates that each of the four steps can contribute to nisin sensitivity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Food Science, Cook College, The New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901. Phone: (732) 932-9611, ext. 222. Fax: (732) 932-6776. E-mail: montville{at}aesop.rutgers.edu.

{dagger} T.J.M. dedicates this, his centennial paper, to his teachers R. Brightbill, J. McGarry, M. Solberg, and A. J. Sinskey and to his graduate students, who have taught him the most.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2002, p. 5904-5910, Vol. 68, No. 12
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.5904-5910.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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