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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2002, p. 555-559, Vol. 68, No. 2
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.2.555-559.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Competitive Exclusion of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis by Lactobacillus crispatus and Clostridium lactatifermentans in a Sequencing Fed-Batch Culture

Paul W. J. J. van der Wielen,1* Len J. A. Lipman,1 Frans van Knapen,1 and Steef Biesterveld2

Centre for Veterinary Public Health and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht,1 Campina Melkunie, Zaltbommel, The Netherlands2

Received 29 June 2001/ Accepted 30 October 2001

Competitive exclusion of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis by a mixed culture of Lactobacillus crispatus and Clostridium lactatifermentans was studied in a sequencing fed-batch reactor mimicking the cecal ecophysiology of broiler chickens. Growth of serovar Enteritidis was inhibited by a mixed culture of L. crispatus and C. lactatifermentans at pH 5.8 but not by a monoculture of L. crispatus at the same pH. Moreover, experiments performed at pH 7.0 did not show growth inhibition of serovar Enteritidis. L. crispatus fermented lactose to lactate, and C. lactatifermentans fermented the lactate to acetate and propionate in a mixed culture of L. crispatus and C. lactatifermentans growing on lactose. In contrast, only lactate was produced from lactose by a monoculture of L. crispatus. At pH 5.8 considerable concentrations of acetate and propionate were present as undissociated acids, whereas only trace levels of undissociated lactate were present at pH 5.8 due to the low pKa of lactate. At pH 7.0 all three acids were present in their dissociated forms. We conclude that a mixed culture of L. crispatus and C. lactatifermentans inhibits growth of serovar Enteritidis under cecal growth conditions. The undissociated forms of acetate and propionate produced in the mixed culture inhibited the growth of serovar Enteritidis.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands. Phone: 31 50 363 21 69. Fax: 31 50 363 21 54. E-mail: p.w.j.j.van.der.wielen{at}biol.rug.nl.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2002, p. 555-559, Vol. 68, No. 2
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.2.555-559.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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