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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2002, p. 968-972, Vol. 68, No. 2
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.2.968-972.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Chemotaxis of Ralstonia eutropha JMP134(pJP4) to the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetate

Andrew C. Hawkins and Caroline S. Harwood*

Department of Microbiology and Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242

Received 29 August 2001/ Accepted 22 November 2001

Ralstonia eutropha JMP134(pJP4) and several other species of motile bacteria can degrade the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D), but it was not known if bacteria could sense and swim towards 2,4-D by the process of chemotaxis. Wild-type R. eutropha cells were chemotactically attracted to 2,4-D in swarm plate assays and qualitative capillary assays. The chemotactic response was induced by growth with 2,4-D and depended on the presence of the catabolic plasmid pJP4, which harbors the tfd genes for 2,4-D degradation. The tfd cluster also encodes a permease for 2,4-D named TfdK. A tfdK mutant was not chemotactic to 2,4-D, even though it grew at wild-type rates on 2,4-D.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, 3-432 BSB, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Phone: (319) 335-7783. Fax: (319) 335-7679. E-mail: caroline-harwood{at}uiowa.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2002, p. 968-972, Vol. 68, No. 2
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.2.968-972.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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