This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Wilkins, J. C.
Right arrow Articles by Beighton, D.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Wilkins, J. C.
Right arrow Articles by Beighton, D.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Wilkins, J. C.
Right arrow Articles by Beighton, D.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2002, p. 2382-2390, Vol. 68, No. 5
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.5.2382-2390.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Analysis of Streptococcus mutans Proteins Modulated by Culture under Acidic Conditions

Joanna C. Wilkins,* Karen A. Homer, and David Beighton

Department of Oral Microbiology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

Received 16 October 2001/ Accepted 19 February 2002

Streptococcus mutans, a major etiological agent of dental caries, causes demineralization of the tooth tissue due to the formation of acids from dietary carbohydrates. Dominant among the virulence determinants of this organism are aciduricity and acidogenicity, the abilities to grow at low pH and to produce acid, respectively. The mechanisms underlying the ability of S. mutans to survive and proliferate at low pH are currently under investigation. In this study we cultured S. mutans at pH 5.2 or 7.0 and extracted soluble cellular proteins. These were analyzed using high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and replicate maps of proteins expressed under each of the two conditions were generated. Proteins with modulated expression at low pH, as judged by a change in the relative integrated optical density, were excised and digested with trypsin by using an in-gel protocol. Tryptic digests were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry to generate peptide mass fingerprints, and these were used to assign putative functions according to their homology with the translated sequences in the S. mutans genomic database. Thirty individual proteins exhibited altered expression as a result of culture of S. mutans at low pH. Up-regulated proteins (n = 18) included neutral endopeptidase, phosphoglucomutase, 60-kDa chaperonin, cell division proteins, enolase, lactate dehydrogenase, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, acetoin reductase, superoxide dismutase, and lactoylglutathione lyase. Proteins down-regulated at pH 5.2 (n = 12) included protein translation elongation factors G, Tu, and Ts, DnaK, small-subunit ribosomal protein S1P, large-subunit ribosomal protein L12P, and components of both phosphoenolpyruvate:protein phosphotransferase and multiple sugar binding transport systems. The identification of proteins differentially expressed following growth at low pH provides new information regarding the mechanisms of survival and has identified new target genes for mutagenesis studies to further assess their physiological significance.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Oral Microbiology, GKT Dental Institute, King's College London, Caldecot Rd., Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RW, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 20 7346 3272. Fax: 44 020 7346 3073. E-mail: joanna.wilkins{at}kcl.ac.uk.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2002, p. 2382-2390, Vol. 68, No. 5
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.5.2382-2390.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Gong, Y., Tian, X.-L., Sutherland, T., Sisson, G., Mai, J., Ling, J., Li, Y.-H. (2009). Global transcriptional analysis of acid-inducible genes in Streptococcus mutans: multiple two-component systems involved in acid adaptation. Microbiology 155: 3322-3332 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jones, M. K., Oliver, J. D. (2009). Vibrio vulnificus: Disease and Pathogenesis. Infect. Immun. 77: 1723-1733 [Full Text]  
  • Lemos, J. A., Burne, R. A. (2008). A model of efficiency: stress tolerance by Streptococcus mutans. Microbiology 154: 3247-3255 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Papadimitriou, K., Boutou, E., Zoumpopoulou, G., Tarantilis, P. A., Polissiou, M., Vorgias, C. E., Tsakalidou, E. (2008). RNA Arbitrarily Primed PCR and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Reveal Plasticity in the Acid Tolerance Response of Streptococcus macedonicus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 6068-6076 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Korithoski, B., Levesque, C. M., Cvitkovitch, D. G. (2007). Involvement of the Detoxifying Enzyme Lactoylglutathione Lyase in Streptococcus mutans Aciduricity. J. Bacteriol. 189: 7586-7592 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bore, E., Langsrud, S., Langsrud, O., Rode, T. M., Holck, A. (2007). Acid-shock responses in Staphylococcus aureus investigated by global gene expression analysis. Microbiology 153: 2289-2303 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hufner, E., Markieton, T., Chaillou, S., Crutz-Le Coq, A.-M., Zagorec, M., Hertel, C. (2007). Identification of Lactobacillus sakei Genes Induced during Meat Fermentation and Their Role in Survival and Growth. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 2522-2531 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zilm, P. S., Bagley, C. J., Rogers, A. H., Milne, I. R., Gully, N. J. (2007). The proteomic profile of Fusobacterium nucleatum is regulated by growth pH. Microbiology 153: 148-159 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Banas, J. A., Miller, J. D., Fuschino, M. E., Hazlett, K. R. O., Toyofuku, W., Porter, K. A., Reutzel, S. B., Florczyk, M. A., McDonough, K. A., Michalek, S. M. (2007). Evidence that Accumulation of Mutants in a Biofilm Reflects Natural Selection Rather than Stress-Induced Adaptive Mutation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 357-361 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Papadimitriou, K., Pratsinis, H., Nebe-von-Caron, G., Kletsas, D., Tsakalidou, E. (2007). Acid Tolerance of Streptococcus macedonicus as Assessed by Flow Cytometry and Single-Cell Sorting. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 465-476 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Di Cagno, R., De Angelis, M., Limitone, A., Fox, P. F., Gobbetti, M. (2006). Response of Lactobacillus helveticus PR4 to Heat Stress during Propagation in Cheese Whey with a Gradient of Decreasing Temperatures.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 4503-4514 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Paddick, J. S., Brailsford, S. R., Rao, S., Soares, R. F., Kidd, E. A. M., Beighton, D., Homer, K. A. (2006). Effect of Biofilm Growth on Expression of Surface Proteins of Actinomyces naeslundii Genospecies 2.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 3774-3779 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pieterse, B., Leer, R. J., Schuren, F. H. J., van der Werf, M. J. (2005). Unravelling the multiple effects of lactic acid stress on Lactobacillus plantarum by transcription profiling. Microbiology 151: 3881-3894 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Martin-Galiano, A. J., Overweg, K., Ferrandiz, M. J., Reuter, M., Wells, J. M., de la Campa, A. G. (2005). Transcriptional analysis of the acid tolerance response in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Microbiology 151: 3935-3946 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Biswas, S., Biswas, I. (2005). Role of HtrA in Surface Protein Expression and Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus mutans. Infect. Immun. 73: 6923-6934 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kim, J.-S., Sung, M.-H., Kho, D.-H., Lee, J. K. (2005). Induction of Manganese-Containing Superoxide Dismutase Is Required for Acid Tolerance in Vibrio vulnificus. J. Bacteriol. 187: 5984-5995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sanchez, B., Champomier-Verges, M.-C., Anglade, P., Baraige, F., de los Reyes-Gavilan, C. G., Margolles, A., Zagorec, M. (2005). Proteomic Analysis of Global Changes in Protein Expression during Bile Salt Exposure of Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 8809. J. Bacteriol. 187: 5799-5808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ge, J., Catt, D. M., Gregory, R. L. (2004). Streptococcus mutans Surface {alpha}-Enolase Binds Salivary Mucin MG2 and Human Plasminogen. Infect. Immun. 72: 6748-6752 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Martin-Galiano, A. J., Wells, J. M., de la Campa, A. G. (2004). Relationship between codon biased genes, microarray expression values and physiological characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Microbiology 150: 2313-2325 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Len, A. C. L., Harty, D. W. S., Jacques, N. A. (2004). Stress-responsive proteins are upregulated in Streptococcus mutans during acid tolerance. Microbiology 150: 1339-1351 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Len, A. C. L., Harty, D. W. S., Jacques, N. A. (2004). Proteome analysis of Streptococcus mutans metabolic phenotype during acid tolerance. Microbiology 150: 1353-1366 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • McNeill, K., Hamilton, I. R. (2004). Effect of acid stress on the physiology of biofilm cells of Streptococcus mutans. Microbiology 150: 735-742 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Macarthur, D.J., Jacques, N.A. (2003). Proteome Analysis of Oral Pathogens. JDR 82: 870-876 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cotter, P. D., Hill, C. (2003). Surviving the Acid Test: Responses of Gram-Positive Bacteria to Low pH. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 67: 429-453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Duncan, M. J. (2003). GENOMICS OF ORAL BACTERIA. CROBM 14: 175-187 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Marsh, P. D. (2003). Are dental diseases examples of ecological catastrophes?. Microbiology 149: 279-294 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»