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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2002, p. 4266-4273, Vol. 68, No. 9
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.9.4266-4273.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Albidovulum inexpectatum gen. nov., sp. nov., a Nonphotosynthetic and Slightly Thermophilic Bacterium from a Marine Hot Spring That Is Very Closely Related to Members of the Photosynthetic Genus Rhodovulum

Luciana Albuquerque,1 João Santos,2 Pedro Travassos,2 M. Fernanda Nobre,1 Fred A. Rainey,3 Robin Wait,4,{dagger} Nuno Empadinhas,2 Manuel T. Silva,5 and Milton S. da Costa2*

Departamento de Zoologia,1 Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra,2 Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150 Porto, Portugal,5 Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803,3 Centre for Applied Microbiology & Research, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 OJG, United Kingdom4

Received 6 March 2002/ Accepted 17 June 2002

Several bacterial isolates, with an optimum growth temperature of about 50°C, were recovered from the marine hot spring at Ferraria on the island of São Miguel in the Azores. The geothermal water emerged from a porous lava flow and rapidly cooled in contact with seawater except at low tide. The bacterial species represented by strains FRR-10T and FRR-11 was nonpigmented, strictly aerobic, and organotrophic. Several genes, bchZ, pufB, pufA, pufL, or pufM, encoding the photosynthetic reaction center proteins and the core light-harvesting complexes were not detected in these strains. The organism oxidized thiosulfate to sulfate with enhancement of growth. The organism did not require additional NaCl in the culture medium for growth, but NaCl at 1.0% enhanced growth. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain FRR-10T indicated that the new organism represented a new species of the {alpha}-3 subclass of the Proteobacteria and that it branches within the species of the genus Rhodovulum. The contradiction of classifying an organism which branches within the radiation of the genus Rhodovulum but does not possess the hallmark characteristics of this genus is discussed. However, the absence of several of these characteristics, namely, the lack of photosynthesis and pigmentation, which could be related to colonization of dark environments, and growth at high temperatures, leads to our proposal that strains FRR-10T and FRR-11 should be classified as a new species of a novel genus, Albidovulum inexpectatum, representing, at present, the most thermophilic organism within the {alpha}-3 subclass of the Proteobacteria.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal. Phone: 351-239824024. Fax: 351-239826798. E-mail: milton{at}ci.uc.pt.

{dagger} Present address: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Hammersmith, London, W6 8LH United Kingdom.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2002, p. 4266-4273, Vol. 68, No. 9
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.9.4266-4273.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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