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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2002, p. 4274-4282, Vol. 68, No. 9
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.9.4274-4282.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Expression of Genes Encoding F1-ATPase Results in Uncoupling of Glycolysis from Biomass Production in Lactococcus lactis

Brian J. Koebmann,1 Christian Solem,1 Martin B. Pedersen,2 Dan Nilsson,3 and Peter R. Jensen1*

Section of Molecular Microbiology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby,1 Department of Genomics and Strain Development,2 CH Bio Ingredients, Chr. Hansen A/S, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark3

Received 28 March 2002/ Accepted 24 June 2002

We studied how the introduction of an additional ATP-consuming reaction affects the metabolic fluxes in Lactococcus lactis. Genes encoding the hydrolytic part of the F1 domain of the membrane-bound (F1F0) H+-ATPase were expressed from a range of synthetic constitutive promoters. Expression of the genes encoding F1-ATPase was found to decrease the intracellular energy level and resulted in a decrease in the growth rate. The yield of biomass also decreased, which showed that the incorporated F1-ATPase activity caused glycolysis to be uncoupled from biomass production. The increase in ATPase activity did not shift metabolism from homolactic to mixed-acid fermentation, which indicated that a low energy state is not the signal for such a change. The effect of uncoupled ATPase activity on the glycolytic flux depended on the growth conditions. The uncoupling stimulated the glycolytic flux threefold in nongrowing cells resuspended in buffer, but in steadily growing cells no increase in flux was observed. The latter result shows that glycolysis occurs close to its maximal capacity and indicates that control of the glycolytic flux under these conditions resides in the glycolytic reactions or in sugar transport.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Section of Molecular Microbiology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 301, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. Phone: 45 45252510. Fax: 45 45932809. E-mail: prj{at}biocentrum.dtu.dk.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2002, p. 4274-4282, Vol. 68, No. 9
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.9.4274-4282.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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