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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2003, p. 6257-6263, Vol. 69, No. 10
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.10.6257-6263.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Novel Extracellular Multicopper Oxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium with Ferroxidase Activity

Luis F. Larrondo,1 Loreto Salas,1 Francisco Melo,1 Rafael Vicuña,1* and Daniel Cullen2

Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,1 Millenium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology, USDA Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin 537052

Received 21 April 2003/ Accepted 15 July 2003

Lignin degradation by the white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium involves various extracellular oxidative enzymes, including lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and a peroxide-generating enzyme, glyoxal oxidase. Recent studies have suggested that laccases also may be produced by this fungus, but these conclusions have been controversial. We identified four sequences related to laccases and ferroxidases (Fet3) in a search of the publicly available P. chrysosporium database. One gene, designated mco1, has a typical eukaryotic secretion signal and is transcribed in defined media and in colonized wood. Structural analysis and multiple alignments identified residues common to laccase and Fet3 sequences. A recombinant MCO1 (rMCO1) protein expressed in Aspergillus nidulans had a molecular mass of 78 kDa, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the copper I-type center was confirmed by the UV-visible spectrum. rMCO1 oxidized various compounds, including 2,2'-azino(bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) and aromatic amines, although phenolic compounds were poor substrates. The best substrate was Fe2+, with a Km close to 2 µM. Collectively, these results suggest that the P. chrysosporium genome does not encode a typical laccase but rather encodes a unique extracellular multicopper oxidase with strong ferroxidase activity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile. Phone: 562-6862663. Fax: 562-2225515. E-mail: rvicuna{at}genes.bio.puc.cl.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2003, p. 6257-6263, Vol. 69, No. 10
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.10.6257-6263.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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