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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2003, p. 1075-1081, Vol. 69, No. 2
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.2.1075-1081.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Analyses of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Fish Feed Factories and Fish Feed Ingredients

Live L. Nesse,1* Kerstin Nordby,1 Even Heir,2 Bjarne Bergsjoe,1 Traute Vardund,2 Halvor Nygaard,3 and Gudmund Holstad1

National Veterinary Institute, N-0033 Oslo,1 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0403 Oslo,2 Norwegian Institute of Fishery and Aquaculture Ltd., N-5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway3

Received 7 March 2002/ Accepted 1 November 2002

Isolates of the most commonly observed salmonella serovars in Norwegian fish feed factories from 1998 to 2000 (Salmonella enterica serovar Agona, S. enterica serovar Montevideo, S. enterica serovar Senftenberg, and S. enterica serovar Kentucky) were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and plasmid profile analysis and compared to isolates of the same serovars from fish feed ingredients, humans, and other sources (a total of 112 isolates). Within each serovar, a variety of distinct PFGE types (with similarity levels less than 90%) were observed in the feed ingredients and other sources, while only two distinct types of each serovar were identified in the factories. The combined results of PFGE and plasmid analyses showed that each factory harbored only a few S. enterica clones. Some of these clones persisted for at least 3 years in the factories, indicating that there was long-lasting contamination probably due to inadequate decontamination procedures.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway. Phone: 47 23 21 63 15. Fax: 47 23 21 63 02. E-mail: live.nesse{at}vetinst.no.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2003, p. 1075-1081, Vol. 69, No. 2
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.2.1075-1081.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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