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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2003, p. 2765-2772, Vol. 69, No. 5
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.5.2765-2772.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Molecular Characterization of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Guaymas Basin{dagger}

Ashita Dhillon,1 Andreas Teske,2,{ddagger} Jesse Dillon,3 David A. Stahl,3 and Mitchell L. Sogin1*

Marine Biological Laboratory, The Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution,1 Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts,2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington3

Received 28 October 2002/ Accepted 12 February 2003

The Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) is a hydrothermal vent site where thermal alteration of deposited planktonic and terrestrial organic matter forms petroliferous material which supports diverse sulfate-reducing bacteria. We explored the phylogenetic and functional diversity of the sulfate-reducing bacteria by characterizing PCR-amplified dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) and 16S rRNA genes from the upper 4 cm of the Guaymas sediment. The dsrAB sequences revealed that there was a major clade closely related to the acetate-oxidizing delta-proteobacterial genus Desulfobacter and a clade of novel, deeply branching dsr sequences related to environmental dsr sequences from marine sediments in Aarhus Bay and Kysing Fjord (Denmark). Other dsr clones were affiliated with gram-positive thermophilic sulfate reducers (genus Desulfotomaculum) and the delta-proteobacterial species Desulforhabdus amnigena and Thermodesulforhabdus norvegica. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNAs from the same environmental samples resulted in identification of four clones affiliated with Desulfobacterium niacini, a member of the acetate-oxidizing, nutritionally versatile genus Desulfobacterium, and one clone related to Desulfobacula toluolica and Desulfotignum balticum. Other bacterial 16S rRNA bacterial phylotypes were represented by non-sulfate reducers and uncultured lineages with unknown physiology, like OP9, OP8, as well as a group with no clear affiliation. In summary, analyses of both 16S rRNA and dsrAB clone libraries resulted in identification of members of the Desulfobacteriales in the Guaymas sediments. In addition, the dsrAB sequencing approach revealed a novel group of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes that could not be identified by 16S rRNA sequencing.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Marine Biological Laboratory, Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, NASA Astrobiology Institute, 7 MBL St., Woods Hole, MA 02543. Phone: (508) 289-7246. Fax: (508) 457-4727. E-mail: sogin{at}mbl.edu.

{dagger} This is Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution publication no. 10905.

{ddagger} Present address: Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, N.C.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2003, p. 2765-2772, Vol. 69, No. 5
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.5.2765-2772.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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