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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2003, p. 4243-4248, Vol. 69, No. 7
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.7.4243-4248.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Situ Identification of Intracellular Bacteria Related to Paenibacillus spp. in the Mycelium of the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR "Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes," Centre de Nancy, 54280 Champenoux, France,¹ Department of Rhizosphere Biology, Institute of Soil Ecology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, D-85764 Neuherberg/Munich, Germany²

Received 14 February 2003/ Accepted 30 April 2003

Bacterial proliferations have recurrently been observed for the past 15 years in fermentor cultures of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor S238N, suggesting the presence of cryptic bacteria in the collection culture of this fungus. In this study, intracellular bacteria were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy in several collection subcultures of L. bicolor S238N. They were small (0.5 µm in diameter), rare, and heterogeneously distributed in the mycelium and were identified as Paenibacillus spp. by using a 16S rRNA-directed oligonucleotide probe initially designed for bacteria isolated from a fermentor culture of L. bicolor S238N.

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