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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2003, p. 5269-5274, Vol. 69, No. 9
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.9.5269-5274.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis Strains from Latin America with Insecticidal Activity against Different Mosquito Species

Jorge E. Ibarra,1 M. Cristina del Rincón,1 Sergio Ordúz,2 David Noriega,2 Graciela Benintende,3 Rose Monnerat,4 Leda Regis,5 Cláudia M. F. de Oliveira,5 Humberto Lanz,6 Mario H. Rodriguez,6 Jorge Sánchez,7 Guadalupe Peña,7 and Alejandra Bravo7*

CINVESTAV IPN, Irapuato 36500, Guanajuato,1 Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cuernavaca 62508,6 Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Cuernavaca 62250, Morelos, México,7 Corporación para Investigaciones Biologicas, 7378 Medellín, Colombia,2 Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina,3 EMBRAPA-Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília/DF,4 Fundação Oswaldo Cruz FIOCRUZ, Recife PE, Brazil5

Received 16 April 2003/ Accepted 1 July 2003

The characterization of selected Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from different Latin America countries is presented. Characterization was based on their insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles albimanus larvae, scanning electron microscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and plasmid profiles as well as PCR analysis using novel general and specific primers for cry and cyt genes encoding proteins active against mosquitoes (cyt1, cyt2, cry2, cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11, cry17, cry19, cry24, cry25, cry27, cry29, cry30, cry32, cry39, and cry40). Strains LBIT315, LBIT348, and IB604 showed threefold higher mosquitocidal activity against A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus larvae than B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and displayed high similarities with the B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis used in this study with regard to protein and plasmid profiles and the presence of cry genes. Strain 147-8906 has activity against A. aegypti similar to that of B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis but has different protein and plasmid profiles. This strain, harboring cry11, cry30, cyt1, and cyt2 genes, could be relevant for future resistance management interventions. Finally, the PCR screening strategy presented here led us to identify a putative novel cry11B gene.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca 62250, Morelos, México. Phone: (52-73) 291635. Fax: (52-73) 172388. E-mail: bravo{at}ibt.unam.mx.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2003, p. 5269-5274, Vol. 69, No. 9
0099-2240/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.9.5269-5274.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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