This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hörman, A.
Right arrow Articles by Hänninen, M.-L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hörman, A.
Right arrow Articles by Hänninen, M.-L.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Hörman, A.
Right arrow Articles by Hänninen, M.-L.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2004, p. 87-95, Vol. 70, No. 1
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.1.87-95.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Campylobacter spp., Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Noroviruses, and Indicator Organisms in Surface Water in Southwestern Finland, 2000-2001

Ari Hörman,1,2* Ruska Rimhanen-Finne,1 Leena Maunula,3 Carl-Henrik von Bonsdorff,3 Niina Torvela,3 Annamari Heikinheimo,1 and Marja-Liisa Hänninen1

Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,1 Department of Virology and HUCH Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, and,3 The Finnish Defense Forces Medical School, Lahti, Finland2

Received 9 July 2003/ Accepted 18 September 2003

A total of 139 surface water samples from seven lakes and 15 rivers in southwestern Finland were analyzed during five consecutive seasons from autumn 2000 to autumn 2001 for the presence of various enteropathogens (Campylobacter spp., Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and noroviruses) and fecal indicators (thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and F-RNA bacteriophages) and for physicochemical parameters (turbidity and temperature); this was the first such systematic study. Altogether, 41.0% (57 of 139) of the samples were positive for at least one of the pathogens; 17.3% were positive for Campylobacter spp. (45.8% of the positive samples contained Campylobacter jejuni, 25.0% contained Campylobacter lari, 4.2% contained Campylobacter coli, and 25.0% contained Campylobacter isolates that were not identified), 13.7% were positive for Giardia spp., 10.1% were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., and 9.4% were positive for noroviruses (23.0% of the positive samples contained genogroup I and 77.0% contained genogroup II). The samples were positive for enteropathogens significantly (P < 0.05) less frequently during the winter season than during the other sampling seasons. No significant differences in the prevalence of enteropathogens were found when rivers and lakes were compared. The presence of thermotolerant coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens had significant bivariate nonparametric Spearman's rank order correlation coefficients (P < 0.001) with samples that were positive for one or more of the pathogens analyzed. The absence of these indicators in a logistic regression model was found to have significant predictive value (odds ratios, 1.15 x 108, 7.57, and 2.74, respectively; P < 0.05) for a sample that was negative for the pathogens analyzed. There were no significant correlations between counts or count levels for thermotolerant coliforms or E. coli or the presence of F-RNA phages and pathogens in the samples analyzed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014 Helsinki University, Finland. Phone: 358 (0)40 5560851. Fax: 358 (0)9 19149718. E-mail: ari.horman{at}milnet.fi.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2004, p. 87-95, Vol. 70, No. 1
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.1.87-95.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • St-Pierre, K., Levesque, S., Frost, E., Carrier, N., Arbeit, R. D., Michaud, S. (2009). Thermotolerant Coliforms Are Not a Good Surrogate for Campylobacter spp. in Environmental Water. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 6736-6744 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Yang, W., Chen, P., Villegas, E. N., Landy, R. B., Kanetsky, C., Cama, V., Dearen, T., Schultz, C. L., Orndorff, K. G., Prelewicz, G. J., Brown, M. H., Young, K. R., Xiao, L. (2008). Cryptosporidium Source Tracking in the Potomac River Watershed. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 6495-6504 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ahmed, W., Huygens, F., Goonetilleke, A., Gardner, T. (2008). Real-Time PCR Detection of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Roof-Harvested Rainwater in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 5490-5496 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vereen, E. Jr., Lowrance, R. R., Cole, D. J., Lipp, E. K. (2007). Distribution and Ecology of Campylobacters in Coastal Plain Streams (Georgia, United States of America). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 1395-1403 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Walters, S. P., Field, K. G. (2006). Persistence and growth of fecal bacteroidales assessed by bromodeoxyuridine immunocapture.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 4532-4539 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Meals, D. W., Braun, D. C. (2006). Demonstration of Methods to Reduce E. coli Runoff from Dairy Manure Application Sites. J. Environ. Qual. 35: 1088-1100 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lodder, W. J., de Roda Husman, A. M. (2005). Presence of Noroviruses and Other Enteric Viruses in Sewage and Surface Waters in The Netherlands. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 1453-1461 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»