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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2004, p. 3687-3694, Vol. 70, No. 6
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.6.3687-3694.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of Differential Gene Expression in Bacteria Associated with Coral Black Band Disease by Using RNA-Arbitrarily Primed PCR

Jorge Frias-Lopez,* George T. Bonheyo, and Bruce W. Fouke

Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801

Received 12 February 2004/ Accepted 19 February 2004

RNA-arbitrarily primed PCR techniques have been applied for the first time to identify differential gene expression in black band disease (BBD), a virulent coral infection that affects reef ecosystems worldwide. The gene activity for the BBD mat on infected surfaces of the brain coral Diploria strigosa was compared with that for portions of the BBD mat that were removed from the coral and suspended nearby in the seawater column. The results obtained indicate that three genes (DD 95-2, DD 95-4, and DD 99-9) were up-regulated in the BBD bacterial mat on the coral surface compared to the transcript base levels observed in the BBD mat suspended in seawater. Clone DD 95-4 has homology with known amino acid ABC transporter systems in bacteria, while clone DD 99-9 exhibits homology with chlorophyll A apoprotein A1 in cyanobacteria. This protein is essential in the final conformation of photosystem I P700. DD 95-2, the only gene that was fully repressed in the BBD mat samples suspended in seawater, exhibited homology with the AraC-type DNA binding domain-containing proteins. These transcriptional activators coordinate the expression of genes essential for virulence in many species of gram-negative bacteria.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Geology, University of Illinois, 1301 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801. Phone: (217) 333-0672. Fax: (217) 244-4996. E-mail: friaslop{at}uiuc.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2004, p. 3687-3694, Vol. 70, No. 6
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.6.3687-3694.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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