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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2004, p. 4216-4221, Vol. 70, No. 7
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4216-4221.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Simultaneous Discrimination between 15 Fish Pathogens by Using 16S Ribosomal DNA PCR and DNA Microarrays

Adelaide E. Warsen,1 Melissa J. Krug,1 Stacey LaFrentz,1 Danielle R. Stanek,2 Frank J. Loge,1,3 and Douglas R. Call1,4*

Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology,1 Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory,2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,3 WSU & UI Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington4

Received 15 December 2003/ Accepted 31 March 2004

We developed a DNA microarray suitable for simultaneous detection and discrimination between multiple bacterial species based on 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) polymorphisms using glass slides. Microarray probes (22- to 31-mer oligonucleotides) were spotted onto Teflon-masked, epoxy-silane-derivatized glass slides using a robotic arrayer. PCR products (ca. 199 bp) were generated using biotinylated, universal primer sequences, and these products were hybridized overnight (55°C) to the microarray. Targets that annealed to microarray probes were detected using a combination of Tyramide Signal Amplification and Alexa Fluor 546. This methodology permitted 100% specificity for detection of 18 microbes, 15 of which were fish pathogens. With universal 16S rDNA PCR (limited to 28 cycles), detection sensitivity for purified control DNA was equivalent to <150 genomes (675 fg), and this sensitivity was not adversely impacted either by the presence of competing bacterial DNA (1.1 x 106 genomes; 5 ng) or by the addition of up to 500 ng of fish DNA. Consequently, coupling 16S rDNA PCR with a microarray detector appears suitable for diagnostic detection and surveillance for commercially important fish pathogens.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, 490 Bustad Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040. Phone: (509) 335-6313. Fax: (509) 335-8529. E-mail: drcall{at}vetmed.wsu.edu.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2004, p. 4216-4221, Vol. 70, No. 7
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4216-4221.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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